Java 重绘方法不起作用，为什么？

Question

嗯，我的英语不太好，但我会尽力解释。

我上了两个类，一等类和二等类(二等类被命名为“Grafika”)。

我想让我的矩形移动到我被点击的位置，但显然他没有移动，我不明白为什么，请帮忙。

import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
    import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
    import javax.swing.*;
    public class Grafika extends JPanel implements MouseListener{
        static int x=0,y=0;
        @Override
    public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
        g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
        g.fillRect(x, y, 20, 30);
    }

    public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent arg0) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub``
        x=arg0.getX();
        y=arg0.getY();
        this.repaint(x, y, 20, 30);
    }

---

我会给你看一个完整的代码，它很小。这是二等舱。我的(我认为)唯一的问题是 repaint() 方法。为什么我不知道 :D。

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import javax.swing.*;
public class Grafika extends JPanel implements MouseListener{
    static int x=0,y=0;
    @Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
    g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
    g.fillRect(x, y, 20, 30);
}

public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent arg0) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    x=arg0.getX();
    y=arg0.getY();
    this.repaint(x, y, 20, 30);
}

public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent arg0) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

public void mouseExited(MouseEvent arg0) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

public void mousePressed(MouseEvent arg0) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
}

public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent arg0) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

}

现在我将向您展示我称为二等舱的位置。

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class Glavna extends Grafika {

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     Grafika g=new Grafika();
     JFrame wi=new JFrame("Grafika");
     wi.setBounds(50, 50, 500, 600);
     wi.add(g);
     wi.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
     wi.setVisible(true);


    }

}

Answer 1

你的代码有几个问题:

• 您正在创建一个 MouseListener(您仍然缺少接口(interface)的一些方法)，但我没有看到您将它添加到 GUI 的任何地方。您的代码中必须有 addMouseListener(this); 才能使监听器正常工作。
• 重绘本身不会移动矩形。更改 X 和 Y 确实如此，但同样，必须先添加 MouseListener。
• 您可能想调用不带参数的repaint(); 来绘制整个组件。否则旧矩形可能不会被删除。
• 您的 paintComponent 方法应该调用 super.paintComponent(g); 作为覆盖方法的第一个方法调用。否则，您将无法删除旧矩形，并且会破坏可能在子组件中产生绘画副作用的绘画链。

例如:

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;

import javax.swing.*;

public class Grafika extends JPanel {
    private static final int RECT_W = 20;
    private static final int RECT_H = 30;
    private static final int PREF_W = 600;
    private static final int PREF_H = PREF_W;
    private static final Color MY_COLOR = Color.RED;    
    private int myX = 0;
    private int myY = 0;

    public Grafika() {
        MyMouse myMouse = new MyMouse();
        addMouseListener(myMouse);  // add MouseListener
    }

    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);  // **MUST** call this 
        g.setColor(MY_COLOR);
        g.fillRect(myX, myY, RECT_W, RECT_H);
    }

    private class MyMouse extends MouseAdapter {
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            myX = e.getX();
            myY = e.getY();
            repaint(); // repaint the whole JPanel
        }
    }

    @Override  // to make the GUI larger
    public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
        if (isPreferredSizeSet()) {
            return super.getPreferredSize();
        }
        return new Dimension(PREF_W, PREF_H);
    }

    private static void createAndShowGui() {
        Grafika mainPanel = new Grafika();

        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Grafika");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
            createAndShowGui();
        });
    }

}

如果您想变得更漂亮并开始拖动正方形:

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import javax.swing.*;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class Grafika extends JPanel {
    private static final int RECT_W = 20;
    private static final int RECT_H = RECT_W;
    private static final int PREF_W = 600;
    private static final int PREF_H = PREF_W;
    private static final Color MY_COLOR = Color.RED;
    private int myX = 0;
    private int myY = 0;

    public Grafika() {
        MyMouse myMouse = new MyMouse();
        addMouseListener(myMouse);
        addMouseMotionListener(myMouse);
    }

    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);
        g.setColor(MY_COLOR);
        g.fillRect(myX, myY, RECT_W, RECT_H);
    }

    private class MyMouse extends MouseAdapter {

        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            moveRect(e);
        }

        @Override
        public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
            moveRect(e);
        }

        @Override
        public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
            moveRect(e);
        }

        private void moveRect(MouseEvent e) {
            myX = e.getX() - RECT_W / 2;
            myY = e.getY() - RECT_H / 2;
            repaint();
        }

    }

    @Override
    public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
        if (isPreferredSizeSet()) {
            return super.getPreferredSize();
        }
        return new Dimension(PREF_W, PREF_H);
    }

    private static void createAndShowGui() {
        Grafika mainPanel = new Grafika();

        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Grafika");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
            createAndShowGui();
        });
    }

}