java - 简化代码以加载 XML 文件的建议？

Question

我终于完成了我的 XML 解析代码，现在看着它，它吓到我了。此代码适用于简单的基于 Android 的文字冒险游戏。

我将所有关于遭遇、地点和角色的数据存储在“res”文件夹中的 XML 文件中。

我编写了这个 XML 解析器来遍历 XML 文件并将数据存储到一个名为 Encounter 的类中。然后，我可以在我的代码中的任何位置访问 Encounter 中的数据。

所以我想我已经了解了 OOP 部分。但实际的解析看起来很困惑。

有没有更好的方法来解析 XML 数据？

这是我的代码:

public class XmlParser extends Activity  {

private String xmlValue;
private int encounterID;
Encounter encounter;

public XmlParser()
    throws XmlPullParserException, IOException
{
    XmlPullParser xpp = getResources().getXml(R.xml.encounters);

    int eventType = xpp.getEventType();
    while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
     String elName = xpp.getName();
     if(eventType == XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {     //creature
         eventType = xpp.next();

         //top level nodes
         if(xpp.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("identity")){
             eventType = xpp.next();
             if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("name")) {
                 encounter.name = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("race")) {
                 encounter.race = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("gender")) {
                 encounter.gender = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("alignment")) {
                 encounter.alignment = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("age")) {
                 try {
                     encounter.age = Integer.parseInt(xpp.getText());
                 } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                     //ok
                 }
             }
         } else if (xpp.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("appearance")) {
             eventType = xpp.next();
             if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("condition")){
                 encounter.condition = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("skinColor")) {
                 encounter.skinColor = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("hairColor")) {
                 encounter.hairColor = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("size")) {
                 encounter.size = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("height")) {
                 encounter.height = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("weight")) {
                 encounter.weight = xpp.getText();
             }

         } else if (xpp.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("stats")) {
             eventType = xpp.next();
             if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("hitPoints")) {
                 try {
                     encounter.HP = Integer.parseInt(xpp.getText());
                 } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                     //ok
                 }
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("armorClass")) {
                 try {
                     encounter.AC = Integer.parseInt(xpp.getText());
                 } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                     //ok
                 }                   
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("actionPoints")) {
                 try {
                     encounter.AP = Integer.parseInt(xpp.getText());
                 } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                     //ok
                 }                   
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("magicPoint")) {
                 try {
                     encounter.AP = Integer.parseInt(xpp.getText());
                 } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                     //ok
                 }                   
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("strength")) {
                 try {
                     encounter.strength = Integer.parseInt(xpp.getText());
                 } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                     //ok
                 }                   
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("dexterity")) {
                 try {
                     encounter.dexterity = Integer.parseInt(xpp.getText());
                 } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                     //ok
                 }
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("intelligence")) {
                 try {
                     encounter.intelligence = Integer.parseInt(xpp.getText());
                 } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                     //ok
                 }
             }

         } else if (xpp.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("inventory")) {
             eventType = xpp.next();
             if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("weapon")) {
                 encounter.weapon = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("armor")) {
                 encounter.armor = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("magicItem")) {
                 encounter.magicItem = xpp.getText();
             }

         } else if (xpp.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("magic")) {
            eventType = xpp.next();
            if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("attackSpell")) {
                encounter.attackSpell = xpp.getText();
            } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("defenseSpell")) {
                encounter.defenseSpell = xpp.getText();
            }
         } else if (xpp.getName().equalsIgnoreCase("treasureItems")) {
             eventType = xpp.next();
             if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("item1")) {
                 encounter.item1 = xpp.getText();
             } else if(elName.equalsIgnoreCase("item2")) {
                 encounter.item2 = xpp.getText();
             }
         }
     } else if(eventType == XmlPullParser.END_TAG) {
         //System.out.println("End tag "+xpp.getName());
     }
     eventType = xpp.next();
    }
    //System.out.println("End document");
}

如果有人感兴趣，这是我的 XML 文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<encounters>
<creature id="1" type="monster">
    <identity>
        <name></name>
        <race></race>
        <gender></gender>
        <age></age>
        <alignment></alignment>
    </identity>

    <appearance>
        <condition></condition>
        <skinColor></skinColor>
        <hairColor></hairColor>
        <size></size>
        <height></height>
        <weight></weight>
    </appearance>

    <stats>
        <hitPoints></hitPoints>
        <armorClass></armorClass>
        <actionPoints></actionPoints>
        <magicPoints></magicPoints>
        <strength></strength>
        <dexterity></dexterity>
        <intelligence></intelligence>
    </stats>

    <inventory>
        <weapon></weapon>
        <armor></armor>
        <magicItem></magicItem>
    </inventory>

    <magic>
        <attackSpell></attackSpell>
        <defenseSpell></defenseSpell>
    </magic>

    <treasureItems>
        <item1></item1>
        <item2></item2>
    </treasureItems>

</creature>

Answer 1

在处理具有直接对象映射的 XML 时，就像您的情况一样，我通常倾向于使用编码技术。现在最标准的是JAXB。然而，它会为您的应用程序增加相当多的开销(大约 9 兆)，这在移动应用程序中是不可忽略的。在这种情况下，一个更轻量级的编码 API，例如 simple , 可以有一个利基市场。