java - 我应该创建一个新类来制作代码的 gui 吗？

Question

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

public class Test {
    private static ArrayList<Countries> arr = new ArrayList<Countries>();
    private static ArrayList<Countries> d = new ArrayList<Countries>();
    static String country;
    static String capital;
    static String cities;
    static String cevap;
    static int score =0;


    public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException{
        Scanner keybord = new Scanner(System.in);
        arr = new ArrayList<Countries>();
        d = read("data.txt");

         for(int i = 0; i < d.size(); i++){
             System.out.print( d.get(i).toString());
             cevap = keybord.nextLine();
             if(cevap.equalsIgnoreCase(d.get(i).getCapital())){
                 System.out.println ("The answer is true!\nYou win 10 points");
             score += 10;
             }
             else{
                 System.out.println("The answer is not true" + " The answer is " + d.get(i).getCapital() + "\nYou loose 10 points");
                 score -= 10;
             }
             System.out.println("You're score is: " + score);
             System.out.println();
         }
    }



    public static ArrayList<Countries> read(String filename) throws IOException{
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(new File(filename));
        while(scan.hasNext()){
            country = scan.nextLine(); //System.out.println(country);
            String cities1 = scan.nextLine(); //System.out.println(cities1);
            String cities2 = scan.nextLine(); //System.out.println(cities2);
            String cities3 = scan.nextLine(); //System.out.println(cities3);
            String cities4 = scan.nextLine(); //System.out.println(cities4);
            String capital = scan.nextLine(); //System.out.println(capital);
            Countries c = new Countries(country, cities1, cities2, cities3, cities4, capital); 
            arr.add(c);
            scan.nextLine();
        }
        return arr;
    }



}

要制作这个程序的 Gui，我应该更改主要部分，如下所示。因为我觉得我从读取的数据中读取和初始化变量会更方便。或者我应该为 Gui 创建另一个类吗？

public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException{
        Scanner keybord = new Scanner(System.in);
        arr = new ArrayList<Countries>();
        d = read("data.txt");

         for(int i = 0; i < d.size(); i++){
             lcountry = new JLabel(d.get(i).getCity1());
             label1 = new JLabel(d.get(i).getCity1());
             label2 = new JLabel(d.get(i).getCity2());
             label3 = new JLabel(d.get(i).getCity3());
             label4 = new JLabel(d.get(i).getCity4());

Answer 1

不，我建议将所有 UI 内容封装在一个单独的类中。如果将它放在 main 方法中，它的用处就会小得多。

事实上，这适用于您的所有类(class)。一个 main 方法应该非常小，并且除了创建执行实际工作的类的实例之外，别无其他。如果 main 很大，那是你做错了。

无论您使用文本还是图形 UI，您的问题都应该可用。当您可以将文本 UI 换成图形 UI 并且一切仍然有效时，您可以说您已经很好地封装了东西。这称为封装和分层。如果您不能轻松更换 UI，那您就错了。