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python - Library not loaded : @rpath/libmysqlclient. 21.dylib Reason: image not found Django migrate error using mysqlclient DB 驱动程序和 MySQL 8 with macOS

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-11-29 05:51:28 24 4
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从 Django 默认使用的默认 SQLite 数据库更改为 MySQL 数据库时,我在尝试运行 python manage.py migrate --database mysql 时遇到了这个棘手的错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 15, in <module>
import MySQLdb as Database
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 18, in <module>
import _mysql
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_mysql.cpython-37m-darwin.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libmysqlclient.21.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_mysql.cpython-37m-darwin.so
Reason: image not found

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 20, in <module>
execute_from_command_line( sys.argv )
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 375, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 316, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 350, in execute
self.check()
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 379, in check
include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 59, in _run_checks
issues = run_checks(tags=[Tags.database])
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 71, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/checks/database.py", line 9, in check_database_backends
for conn in connections.all():
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 217, in all
return [self[alias] for alias in self]
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 217, in <listcomp>
return [self[alias] for alias in self]
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 202, in __getitem__
backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 110, in load_backend
return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 20, in <module>
) from err
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module.
Did you install mysqlclient?

我已经通过 pip install mysqlclient 安装了 mysqlclient 并通过 Homebrew 使用 brew install mysql-connector-c 安装了它的连接器后收到了这个错误,所以这有点一个令人费解的错误Even after following the connector instructions通过修改连接器 bin 文件夹中的 mysql_config 文件,我仍然遇到了这个问题。鉴于有关此连接器已知错误的文档,这似乎至少与我正在运行 macOS 有一定关系。

进一步检查我的堆栈跟踪后,我注意到 Library not loaded: @rpath/libmysqlclient.21.dylib 错误在顶部附近。不久之后我发现了另一个可能的线索:原因:找不到图像,但我不太确定那是什么意思。

我确实在 /usr/local/Cellar/mysql-connector-c 中四处寻找,看看我安装的连接器是否可能缺少任何东西,果然,libmysqlclient .21.dylib 文件丢失。取而代之的是我认为是该文件的旧版本,因为它被命名为 libmysqlclient.18.dylib。出于好奇,我复制了我的 MySQL 安装附带的 .dylib 并将该副本以相同的名称移动到连接器的文件夹和 /usr/local/lib 其中我还找到了另一个 libmysqlclient.18.dylib 文件。然而,我的迁移仍然失败,但我确实得到了一个稍微不同的堆栈跟踪:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 15, in <module>
import MySQLdb as Database
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 18, in <module>
import _mysql
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_mysql.cpython-37m-darwin.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libmysqlclient.21.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_mysql.cpython-37m-darwin.so
Reason: no suitable image found. Did find:
/usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.21.dylib: file too short
/usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.21.dylib: file too short

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 20, in <module>
execute_from_command_line( sys.argv )
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 375, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 316, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 350, in execute
self.check()
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 379, in check
include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 59, in _run_checks
issues = run_checks(tags=[Tags.database])
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 71, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/checks/database.py", line 9, in check_database_backends
for conn in connections.all():
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 217, in all
return [self[alias] for alias in self]
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 217, in <listcomp>
return [self[alias] for alias in self]
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 202, in __getitem__
backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 110, in load_backend
return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/Users/xoadra/Programming/Syntax/Python/Environments/pfitzer/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 20, in <module>
) from err
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module.
Did you install mysqlclient?

这次我得到以下错误:

Reason: no suitable image found.  Did find:
/usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.21.dylib: file too short
/usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.21.dylib: file too short

因此,我怀疑问题可能与我的 MySQL 连接器安装的 .dylib 版本有关,但我不确定如何准确解决此问题。我确实觉得很奇怪,简单地复制一个文件就可以稍微改变我的堆栈跟踪,所以我想我应该多研究一下。想法?

最佳答案

只需在/usr/local/lib 中创建一个符号链接(symbolic link)

sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.21.dylib /usr/local/lib/libmysqlclient.21.dylib

关于python - Library not loaded : @rpath/libmysqlclient. 21.dylib Reason: image not found Django migrate error using mysqlclient DB 驱动程序和 MySQL 8 with macOS,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53590645/

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