ios - 如何使用 swift 等待登录 View 的 api 响应值

Question

我开始学习Swift，不熟悉Swift代码的同步和异步操作。我想在我的登录 View (viewcontroller)中，当用户输入ID、PASSWORD，然后向API请求服务时，API会比较数据库数据是否正确，如果正确返回json数据=> true，错误返回 json 数据 => false

我不知道如何让我的login()在收到API响应后执行。

我研究了很多这方面的资料，包括 NSOperationQueue...等等

但最终执行结果失败，请有经验的人帮帮我，谢谢!

var jsonmessage: Bool? = nil

当 onclickLogin 将使用 segue 进入下一页时

 @IBAction func onclickLogin(_ sender: Any) {

            Postusercheck()
            login()
}

请求API

 func Postusercheck(){
        let parameters = ["ID":txtcount.text,"Password":txtpaswoerd.text] //post request with id,password
        print(parameters)
        let url = URL(string: "http://" + apiip + "/api/user")! //change the url
        let session = URLSession.shared
        //now create the URLRequest object using the url object
        var request = URLRequest(url: url)
        request.httpMethod = "POST" //set http method as POST
        do {
            request.httpBody = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: parameters, options: .prettyPrinted) // pass
        } catch let error {
            print(error.localizedDescription)
        }
        request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
        request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")
        let task = session.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest, completionHandler: { data, response, error in
            guard error == nil else {
                return
            }
            guard let data = data else {
                return
            }
            do {
                if let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: .mutableContainers) as? [String: Any] {
                    print(json)
                    self.jsonmessage = json["message"] as? Bool
                    print("Title: \(String(describing:  self.abc)))")
                    }
                } catch let error {
                print(error.localizedDescription)
                                  }
        })
                task.resume()
    }

 func login(){

    if (self.jsonmessage == true){
    }
    else if txtcount.text == "" || txtpaswoerd.text == "" {
    let alert = UIAlertController(title: "Don't empty the field", message: "Please enter again", preferredStyle: .alert)
    let ok = UIAlertAction(title: "OK", style: .default, handler: nil)

    alert.addAction(ok)
    present(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)

        }
        else
            {
                let alert = UIAlertController(title: "ID OR PASSWORD ERROR", message: "Please enter again", preferredStyle: .alert)
                let ok = UIAlertAction(title: "OK", style: .default, handler: nil)
                alert.addAction(ok)
                present(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
            }
    }

========================更新========代码======

@IBAction func onclickLogin(_ sender: Any) {

        Postusercheck()
}

    func Postusercheck(){

        let parameters = ["ID":txtcount.text,"Password":txtpaswoerd.text] //post request with id,password
        print(parameters)
        let url = URL(string: "http://" + apiip + "/api/user")! //change the url
        let session = URLSession.shared
        //now create the URLRequest object using the url object
        var request = URLRequest(url: url)
        request.httpMethod = "POST" //set http method as POST
        do {
            request.httpBody = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: parameters, options: .prettyPrinted) // pass
        } catch let error {
            print(error.localizedDescription)
        }
        request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
        request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")
        let task = session.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest, completionHandler: { data, response, error in
            guard error == nil else {
                return
            }
            guard let data = data else {
                return
            }
            do {
                if let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: .mutableContainers) as? [String: Any] {
                    print(json)
                    self.jsonmessage = json["message"] as? Bool
                    self.login()

                    }
                } catch let error {
                print(error.localizedDescription)
                                  }
        })
                task.resume()
    }

func login(){
    if (self.jsonmessage == true){
        //Navigate to the another view controller
        let mainStoryboard = UIStoryboard.init(name: "Main", bundle: nil)
        let anotherViewController = mainStoryboard.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "AnotherViewController")
        self.navigationController?.pushViewController(anotherViewController, animated: true)
    }
    else if txtcount.text == "" || txtpaswoerd.text == "" {
        let alert = UIAlertController(title: "Don't empty the field", message: "Please enter again", preferredStyle: .alert)
        let ok = UIAlertAction(title: "OK", style: .default, handler: nil)

        alert.addAction(ok)
        present(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }
    else
    {
        let alert = UIAlertController(title: "ID OR PASSWORD ERROR", message: "Please enter again", preferredStyle: .alert)
        let ok = UIAlertAction(title: "OK", style: .default, handler: nil)
        alert.addAction(ok)
        present(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
    }
}

当我尝试新代码时。

我已经取消了原来的segue连接。我在想要的页面将Storboard ID设置为AnotherViewController，但是当账户密码验证成功后，他并没有进入下一个页面。

他就停在原来的页面了(账号密码验证成功后)如果我输入错误的帐户密码，它仍然会收到错误消息。这个功能很有用。

Answer 1

在 URLSession 的完成处理程序中进行函数调用，如下所示:

    let task = session.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest, completionHandler: { data, response, error in
                guard error == nil else {
                    return
                }
                guard let data = data else {
                    return
                }
                do {
                    if let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: .mutableContainers) as? [String: Any] {
                        print(json)
                        self.jsonmessage = json["message"] as? Bool
                        self.login()
                        print("Title: \(String(describing:  self.abc)))")
                        }
                    } catch let error {
                    print(error.localizedDescription)
                                      }
            })

您必须从按钮的 IBAction 中删除登录调用，因为当您调用 Postusercheck 时，它将进行 Web 服务调用，并且不会像 session 那样等待响应.dataTask 是异步的。因此，执行将返回到 IBAction，并且将调用 login()，尽管您还没有收到 Web 服务响应，并且您不知道用户名和密码正确。因此，您必须从按钮单击操作中删除登录调用，如下所示:

@IBAction func onclickLogin(_ sender: Any) {

            Postusercheck()
}

更改登录功能如下:

func login(){

    if (self.jsonmessage == true){
       //Navigate to the another view controller
       let mainStoryboard = UIStoryboard.init(name: "Main", bundle: nil)
       let anotherViewController = mainStoryboard.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "AnotherViewController")
       self.navigationController?.pushViewController(anotherViewController, animated: true)    
    }
    else if txtcount.text == "" || txtpaswoerd.text == "" {
    let alert = UIAlertController(title: "Don't empty the field", message: "Please enter again", preferredStyle: .alert)
    let ok = UIAlertAction(title: "OK", style: .default, handler: nil)

    alert.addAction(ok)
    present(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)

        }
        else
            {
                let alert = UIAlertController(title: "ID OR PASSWORD ERROR", message: "Please enter again", preferredStyle: .alert)
                let ok = UIAlertAction(title: "OK", style: .default, handler: nil)
                alert.addAction(ok)
                present(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
            }
    }

这里请确保 Storyboard中有一个名为“Main”的 View Controller ， Storyboard ID 为“AnotherViewController”，否则它将无法工作。

另一个导航选项是通过 Storyboard 中的 Segues。以下是一个很棒的教程，可帮助您了解有关 Storyboard的精彩内容。

https://www.raywenderlich.com/464-storyboards-tutorial-for-ios-part-1

还有一件事是 Postusercheck() 不是一个很好的函数名称。请参阅以下指南，了解 swift 广泛使用的命名约定中的最佳实践:

https://github.com/raywenderlich/swift-style-guide