java - 在 Java 中使用 owlapi 3 将曼彻斯特语法中的字符串转换为 OWLAxiom 对象

Question

我正在用 Java 编写一个利用 OWL API 版本 3.1.0 的程序。我有一个 String 表示使用曼彻斯特 OWL 语法的公理，我想将此字符串转换为 OWLAxiom 对象，因为我需要将生成的公理添加到一个使用方法 addAxiom(OWLOntology owl, OWLAxiom axiom) 的本体(这是 OWLOntologyManager 的一个方法)。我该怎么做？

Answer 1

像下面的 Java 代码怎么样？请注意，我正在解析一个完整但很小的本体。如果您实际上只期望一些曼彻斯特文本不能作为完整的本体进行解析，您可能需要为所有内容添加一些标准前缀。不过，对于特定应用程序而言，这更值得关注。您还需要确保获得您感兴趣的公理类型。必然会有声明公理(例如，Person 是一个类)，但是您可能对 TBox 和 ABox 公理更感兴趣，因此我添加了一些关于如何获得这些公理的注释。

要注意的一点是，如果您只是想添加公理到现有的本体中，这就是 OWLParser 方法所做的，尽管 Javadoc 并没有特别清楚地说明这一点(在我的想法)。 documentation about OWLParser说

An OWLParser parses an ontology document into an OWL API object representation of an ontology.

但事实并非如此。如果 parse() 的本体参数已经有内容，并且 parse() 没有删除它，那么本体参数最终成为本体文档超集的对象表示(它是本体文档加上先前的内容)。不过幸运的是，这正是您想要的情况:您想要阅读一段文本并将其添加到现有本体中。

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import org.coode.owlapi.manchesterowlsyntax.ManchesterOWLSyntaxParserFactory;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.apibinding.OWLManager;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.io.OWLParser;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.io.StreamDocumentSource;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLAxiom;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntology;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyCreationException;
import org.semanticweb.owlapi.model.OWLOntologyManager;

public class ReadManchesterString {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws OWLOntologyCreationException, IOException {
        // Get a manager and create an empty ontology, and a parser that 
        // can read Manchester syntax.
        final OWLOntologyManager manager = OWLManager.createOWLOntologyManager();
        final OWLOntology ontology = manager.createOntology();
        final OWLParser parser = new ManchesterOWLSyntaxParserFactory().createParser( manager );

        // A small OWL ontology in the Manchester syntax.
        final String content = "" +
                "Prefix: so: <http://stackoverflow.com/q/21005908/1281433/>\n" +
                "Class: so:Person\n" +
                "Class: so:Young\n" +
                "\n" +
                "Class: so:Teenager\n" +
                "  SubClassOf: (so:Person and so:Young)\n" +
                "";

        // Create an input stream from the ontology, and use the parser to read its 
        // contents into the ontology.
        try ( final InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream( content.getBytes() ) ) {
            parser.parse( new StreamDocumentSource( in ), ontology );
        }

        // Iterate over the axioms of the ontology. There are more than just the subclass
        // axiom, because the class declarations are also axioms.  All in all, there are
        // four:  the subclass axiom and three declarations of named classes.
        System.out.println( "== All Axioms: ==" );
        for ( final OWLAxiom axiom : ontology.getAxioms() ) {
            System.out.println( axiom );
        }

        // You can iterate over more specific axiom types, though.  For instance, 
        // you could just iterate over the TBox axioms, in which case you'll just
        // get the one subclass axiom. You could also iterate over
        // ontology.getABoxAxioms() to get ABox axioms.
        System.out.println( "== ABox Axioms: ==" );
        for ( final OWLAxiom axiom : ontology.getTBoxAxioms( false ) ) {
            System.out.println( axiom );
        }
    }
}

输出是:

== All Axioms: ==
SubClassOf(<http://stackoverflow.com/q/21005908/1281433/Teenager> ObjectIntersectionOf(<http://stackoverflow.com/q/21005908/1281433/Person> <http://stackoverflow.com/q/21005908/1281433/Young>))
Declaration(Class(<http://stackoverflow.com/q/21005908/1281433/Person>))
Declaration(Class(<http://stackoverflow.com/q/21005908/1281433/Young>))
Declaration(Class(<http://stackoverflow.com/q/21005908/1281433/Teenager>))
== ABox Axioms: ==
SubClassOf(<http://stackoverflow.com/q/21005908/1281433/Teenager> ObjectIntersectionOf(<http://stackoverflow.com/q/21005908/1281433/Person> <http://stackoverflow.com/q/21005908/1281433/Young>))