java - LinkedBlockingQueue 中的死锁(？)

Question

我有一个非常基本的线程池代码。它调用位于 linkedblockingqueue 中的工作对象池。该代码只是通过回收工作对象来打印出输入数据。

我发现与以下内容一致的死锁/卡住:

public class throttleheapthreadpool{
            private quoteworkerobject[] channels;
            private LinkedBlockingQueue<quoteworkerobject> idlechannels;
            public throttleheapthreadpool(int poolsize,int stocks){
        channels=new quoteworkerobject[poolsize];
        idlechannels=new LinkedBlockingQueue<quoteworkerobject>();

        for(int i=1;i<poolsize;i++){
            channels[i]=new quoteworkerobject(idlechannels);
            idlechannels.add(channels[i]);//All WORKERS to Idle pool to start
        }
    }

    public void execute(Integer quote){
        quoteworkerobject current = null;
        try {
                        //extract worker from pool
            current = (quoteworkerobject)idlechannels.take();
            current.put(quote);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        }
    }

    class quoteworkerobject{
        LinkedBlockingQueue<Integer> taskqueue=new LinkedBlockingQueue<Integer>(); 
        Thread quotethread=null;
        LinkedBlockingQueue<quoteworkerobject> idle=null;
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        public quoteworkerobject(LinkedBlockingQueue<quoteworkerobject> idlechannels){
            this.idle=idlechannels;
            Runnable r=new Runnable(){
                public void run() {
                    insertquote();
                }
            };
            quotethread=new Thread(r);
            quotethread.start();//spawn a thread from the worker 
        }
        public void put(Integer  quote){
            taskqueue.add(quote);
        }
        public void insertquote(){
            try{
                Integer thisquote=taskqueue.take();
                idle.add(this);
            }
            catch(Exception ex){
            }

        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        throttleheapthreadpool pool=new throttleheapthreadpool(5,200);
        Random randomGenerator = new Random();

        for(int node=0;node < 20;node++){
            int d=randomGenerator.nextInt(5*200);
            pool.execute(d);
        }
    }

}   

此代码在第 8 次执行时始终卡住 - 在该点current = (quoteworkerobject)idlechannels.take();

上面有什么问题吗？

Answer 1

这正是我(讨厌？)不喜欢使用此类代码的原因。您应该考虑让您/我们的生活更轻松，并编写即使在几个月后您也可以查看并证明它的代码:相应地为您的变量命名，编写简短的文档或解释等。我花了 25 分钟来重构，因为我不明白发生了什么。

我添加了一个小的重构，我也添加了一些断点，看看代码——解释在里面。但问题出在 insertQuote 方法中 - 它完成得太早了。

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;

public class Pool {
private Worker[] workers;
private LinkedBlockingQueue<Worker> workerQueue;



/**
 * Create a pool of 5 workers and a {@link LinkedBlockingQueue} to store them
 */
public Pool(int poolsize) {
    //1. First you get here : you create a Pool of 5 Worker Threads and a Queue to store them
    System.out.println("1.");
    workers = new Worker[poolsize];
    workerQueue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Worker>();

    for (int i = 0; i < poolsize; i++) {
        //2. You instantiate 5 worker Threads and place each of them on the Queue
        System.out.println("2.");
        workers[i] = new Worker(workerQueue);
        workerQueue.add(workers[i]);
    }
}

public void execute(Integer quote) {
    Worker current = null;
    try {
        // extract worker from pool
        //6. Get a worker from the Queue
        System.out.println("6.");
        current = workerQueue.take();
        current.put(quote);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    }
}


/**
 * 
 *
 */
class Worker {
    LinkedBlockingQueue<Integer> taskqueueForEachWorker = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Integer>();
    LinkedBlockingQueue<Worker> workerQueue = null;

    public Worker(LinkedBlockingQueue<Worker> idlechannels) {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                //3. You call the insert quote method
                System.out.println("3.");
                insertquote();
            }
        }).start();
    }

    public void put(Integer quote) {
        //7. Add a task for each Thread to do
        System.out.println("7.");
        taskqueueForEachWorker.add(quote);
    }

    //TODO The problem is here: After you execute this line : workerQueue.add(this); this method ends, NO MORE worker Threads are put on the queue,
    // thus at point 6 you block, well because there are no more worker Threads an no one add them.

    public void insertquote() {
        try {
            // 4. You try to take an Integer from the Pool of tasks from rach Thread, but there is nothing yet - it is empty, thus each Thread (worker)
            // blocks here, waiting for a task
            System.out.println("4.");
            Integer thisquote = taskqueueForEachWorker.take(); // This will successed only after 7.
            workerQueue.add(this);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
        }
    }
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Pool pool = new Pool(5);
    Random randomGenerator = new Random();

    for (int node = 0; node < 20; node++) {
        int d = randomGenerator.nextInt(5 * 200);
        System.out.println("5.");
        pool.execute(d);
    }
}

}

输出将为 1。2.3.4.2.3.4.2.3.4.2.3.4.2.3.4.5.6.7.5.6.7.5.6.7.5.6.7.5.6.7.5.6.

看到最后一行是 6。如果因为方法 insertQuote 已经退出而阻塞在这里，因此队列现在是空的，所有工作线程都已被占用。

在我看来，由于您的工作线程每个都使用单独的队列，因此您应该实现“工作窃取”模式或 Deque。也看看那个。