Android Studio 渲染错误 xml 文件

Question

我的 xml 文件中的 android...Toolbar 和 android...ConstraintLayout 出现渲染错误。但是，在另一个应用程序中，我使用完全相同的 xml 文件并且没有出现问题。

我正在并行开发这两个应用程序，所以彼此之间没有太大区别，但我无法理解它是这样做的。我正在使用 Android Studio 2.3.3。

错误:

Rendering failed with a known bug. Please try a rebuild.  

The following classes could not be instantiated:
- android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatImageView (Open Class, Show Exception, Clear Cache)
- android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout (Open Class, Show Exception, Clear Cache)
- android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar (Open Class, Show Exception, Clear Cache)
- android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatTextView (Open Class, Show Exception, Clear Cache)
 Tip: Use View.isInEditMode() in your custom views to skip code or show sample data when shown in the IDE.  If this is an unexpected error you can also try to build the project, then manually refresh the layout.  

Exception Details

java.lang.NoSuchFieldError: ViewBackgroundHelper
        at android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatBackgroundHelper.loadFromAttributes(AppCompatBackgroundHelper.java:46)
        at android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatImageView.<init>(AppCompatImageView.java:73)
        at android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatImageView.<init>(AppCompatImageView.java:66)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
        at org.jetbrains.android.uipreview.ViewLoader.createNewInstance(ViewLoader.java:475)
        at org.jetbrains.android.uipreview.ViewLoader.loadClass(ViewLoader.java:262)
        at org.jetbrains.android.uipreview.ViewLoader.loadClass(ViewLoader.java:213)
        at com.android.tools.idea.rendering.LayoutlibCallbackImpl.loadClass(LayoutlibCallbackImpl.java:193)
        at android.view.BridgeInflater.loadCustomView(BridgeInflater.java:333)
        at android.view.BridgeInflater.onCreateView(BridgeInflater.java:152)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:717)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:785)
        at android.view.BridgeInflater.createViewFromTag(BridgeInflater.java:222)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:727)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate_Original(LayoutInflater.java:858)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater_Delegate.rInflate(LayoutInflater_Delegate.java:70)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:834)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:492)
        at com.android.layoutlib.bridge.bars.CustomBar.<init>(CustomBar.java:95)
        at com.android.layoutlib.bridge.bars.NavigationBar.<init>(NavigationBar.java:52)
        at com.android.layoutlib.bridge.bars.NavigationBar.<init>(NavigationBar.java:46)
        at com.android.layoutlib.bridge.impl.Layout.createNavBar(Layout.java:284)
        at com.android.layoutlib.bridge.impl.Layout.<init>(Layout.java:140)
        at com.android.layoutlib.bridge.impl.RenderSessionImpl.inflate(RenderSessionImpl.java:301)
        at com.android.layoutlib.bridge.Bridge.createSession(Bridge.java:429)
        at com.android.ide.common.rendering.LayoutLibrary.createSession(LayoutLibrary.java:368)
        at com.android.tools.idea.rendering.RenderTask$2.compute(RenderTask.java:567)
        at com.android.tools.idea.rendering.RenderTask$2.compute(RenderTask.java:549)
        at com.intellij.openapi.application.impl.ApplicationImpl.runReadAction(ApplicationImpl.java:863)
        at com.android.tools.idea.rendering.RenderTask.createRenderSession(RenderTask.java:549)
        at com.android.tools.idea.rendering.RenderTask.lambda$inflate$1(RenderTask.java:680)
        at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

Answer 1

确保你正在使用 ConstraintLayout 的库...检查 app:gradle