android - 是否有可能从 fragment 中获取 `RecyclerView`？

Question

尝试从此布局中获取 RecyclerView:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".listFragment">

<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/recyclee">
</android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView>

进入主要 Activity 类:

    private var mBlogList = findViewById<RecyclerView>(R.id.recyclee)

出现错误:java.lang.NullPointerException:尝试在空对象引用上调用虚方法“android.view.Window$Callback android.view.Window.getCallback()”请帮忙:)

编辑1

我现在使用 kotlin 扩展

import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.fragment_list.*
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private lateinit var mBlogList : RecyclerView

在 onCreate 方法中:

        mBlogList = recyclee

但同样的错误仍然存​​在

编辑2列表 fragment 代码:

class listFragment : Fragment() {

override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View? {
    return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_list, container, false)
}

override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)
    recyclee != null
}
companion object {
    fun newInstance(): listFragment = listFragment()
}
}

编辑 3整个 MainActivity 代码:

//this app supposed to read from FirebaseDatabase
//into Recycler view
//the RecyclerView is into Fragment layout
//i use Fragments into FrameLayout in the activity_main.xml
// the RecyclerView should be shown when navigatoinBar is clicked
//or on start of MainActivity
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    private var mDatabase:DatabaseReference? = null
    private lateinit var mBlogList : RecyclerView
    private var query:Query?=null
    private var options:FirebaseRecyclerOptions<Blog>?=null
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        //start listFragment , RecyclerView is there
        val mFragment = listFragment.newInstance()
        //openFragment method is below
        openFragment(mFragment)
        //navigation bottom onclicklistener


navBar.setOnNavigationItemSelectedListener(mOnNavigationItemSelectedListener)
        //get data from database
        mDatabase=FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference().child("mall")
        mDatabase?.keepSynced(true)
        //here i should have recyclee but it is null i don't know why
        mBlogList = recyclee
        mBlogList.setHasFixedSize(true)
        mBlogList.layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this)
        //query of database
        query = mDatabase?.orderByKey()

    }
private val mOnNavigationItemSelectedListener = BottomNavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener { item ->
   //there are 4 icons in the navigation_bottom_bar 
    //now we are talking about listNav icon only because it is realted 
    // with listFragment
    when (item.itemId) {
        R.id.listNav -> {
            val mFragment = listFragment.newInstance()
            openFragment(mFragment)
            return@OnNavigationItemSelectedListener true
        }
        R.id.cartNav -> {
            val mFragment = cartFragment.newInstance()
            openFragment(mFragment)
            return@OnNavigationItemSelectedListener true
        }
        R.id.supportNav -> {
            val mFragment = supportFragment.newInstance()
            openFragment(mFragment)
            return@OnNavigationItemSelectedListener true
        }
        R.id.accountNav -> {
            val mFragment = accountFragment.newInstance()
            openFragment(mFragment)
            return@OnNavigationItemSelectedListener true
        }
    }
    false
}
private fun openFragment(fragment: Fragment) {
    //open Fragment into FrameLayout in the main_activity.xml
    val transaction = supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction()
    transaction.replace(R.id.mainFrame, fragment)
    transaction.addToBackStack(null)
    transaction.commit()
}

override fun onStart() {
    super.onStart()
    //set options for FirebaseRecyclerAdapter
    options = FirebaseRecyclerOptions.Builder<Blog>()
            .setQuery(query!!, Blog::class.java)
            .build()
    //set custom adapter
    val mAdapter = object : FirebaseRecyclerAdapter<Blog, BlogViewHolder>(
            options!!) {
        override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): BlogViewHolder {
            val view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context)
                    .inflate(R.layout.cardview, parent, false)
            return BlogViewHolder(view)}

        override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: BlogViewHolder, position: Int, model: Blog) {
            holder.setTitle(model.title)
            holder.setDes(model.des)
            holder.setImage(applicationContext, model.image)
        }
    }
    mBlogList.adapter = mAdapter
}
inner class BlogViewHolder(itemView: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(itemView) {
    var mView:View= itemView
    //set title, des amd image with data we got from database
    fun setTitle(title:String){
        var postTitle = mView.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.post_title)
        postTitle?.text = title
    }
    fun setDes(des:String){
        var postDes = mView.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.post_des)
        postDes?.text = des
    }
    fun setImage(image:String){
        var postImage = mView.findViewById<ImageView>(R.id.post_title)
        Picasso.get().load(image).into(postImage)
    }
}

Answer 1

如果您应用了 kotlin-android-extensions 插件，那么您就不需要再使用 findViewById 因为您可以访问布局中的 View ，就好像它们是属性一样(按名字)。因此，您的 onCreate 可能如下所示:

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

    assert recyclee != null
}

编辑

由于您尝试在 Fragment 中执行此操作并且您的布局文件被称为 fragment_List.xml 然后在你的 Fragment 中，你必须首先膨胀布局然后你可以访问你的 RecyclerView 如上面的例子 Activity :

override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View? {
    return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_List, container, false)
} 

override fun onViewCreated(view: View?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)

    assert recyclee != null
}

如果您尝试在 fragment_List 在 Fragment 中膨胀之前在 Activity 中访问您的 RecyclerView 那么它将显然是 null (它还没有被创建)。这实际上是您在 onCreate 中尝试做的事情 - 因为 Fragment 的 布局尚未构建，所以还为时过早。

编辑2

从你的代码可以看出，mBlogList = recyclee是在onCreate中设置的。尽管它是在创建 ListFragment 之后完成的，但还为时过早，因为它的 onCreateView 尚未被调用，因此还没有布局。

一个快速的解决方法是在 onStart 中执行此操作，因为此时 ListFragment 肯定存在。 但是，更好的方法是在 ListFragment 本身内部执行逻辑，并通过回调与 MainActivity 通信，如 here 所述