适用于不同产品风格的 Android Google Maps API key

Question

我正在尝试设置我的 Android 项目，以便我可以让它的 3 个不同版本并行工作，指向不同的后端 API 等等:

• 我仅用于自己开发的调试/开发版本
• 我在内部向客户发布的 beta/qa 版本，以便他们可以在不影响生产环境的情况下测试应用
• 发布到 Play 商店供所有人使用的生产版本

正如我所说，这 3 个版本应该可以并行安装在同一台设备上(所以我猜他们应该有不同的应用程序 ID)、不同的图标、指向不同的后端 API 等等。

为此，我认为最好的选择是像这样使用产品口味:

android {
    compileSdkVersion 28
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.myapp"
        minSdkVersion 19
        targetSdkVersion 28
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    flavorDimensions "env"
    productFlavors {
        dev {
            dimension "env"
            applicationId "com.myapp.dev"
            resValue 'string', 'backend_url', 'https://dev.example.com'
        }
        beta {
            dimension "env"
            applicationId "com.myapp.beta"
            resValue 'string', 'backend_url', 'https://beta.example.com'
        }
        prod {
            dimension "env"
            applicationId "com.myapp"
            resValue 'string', 'backend_url', 'https://www.example.com'
        }
    }
}

并且我在src下创建了相应的dev、beta和prod目录，在那里有单独的资源，例如每种口味的启动器图标。

现在我想将 Google map 集成到我的应用程序中。所以我创建了一个 Google Maps Activity，Android 工作室提出了 2 个 google_maps_api.xml，他将它们放在 src 的 debug 和 release 子目录中。如果我没记错的话，那些配置文件应该是特定于 flavor 的而不是特定于 buildType 的，所以我将一个从 debug 移到了 dev，我将一个从 release 移到了 beta 并且我将 beta 中的那个复制到 prod 中。所以现在我有以下文件结构:

所以现在我需要为每种风格生成 Google Maps API key 并将它们限制为我的应用程序的每种风格。但为此，我需要在每个 Google Cloud 项目的 API key 中指定 SHA-1 指纹。而且我不确定在那里使用哪一个。我可以对所有这些使用相同的 SHA-1 指纹吗？我是否应该为每种构建类型(调试/发布)或每种风格(dev/qa/prod)使用不同的 SHA-1 指纹？如果是这样，我如何找到用于每个键的正确指纹？

请注意，我尝试了 Gradle 签名报告，但没有太大帮助:

13:05:37: Executing task 'signingReport'...

Executing tasks: [signingReport]


> Task :app:signingReport
Variant: prodDebug
Config: debug
Store: /Users/sarbogast/.android/debug.keystore
Alias: AndroidDebugKey
MD5: 93:AA:D5:1B:0D:EA:7B:49:0B:BE:9F:13:FA:46:74:3F
SHA1: 09:FE:D6:BF:19:44:FC:BB:AB:7E:24:19:F7:A9:7D:31:2B:A5:55:17
SHA-256: 62:99:B8:38:07:B1:41:63:62:39:1B:2F:8A:80:F4:F6:E6:A5:97:2C:D0:7B:28:1E:34:2F:90:D1:10:C3:04:C4
Valid until: Monday, November 9, 2043
----------
Variant: devRelease
Config: none
----------
Variant: prodRelease
Config: none
----------
Variant: betaRelease
Config: none
----------
Variant: prodReleaseUnitTest
Config: none
----------
Variant: betaDebugAndroidTest
Config: debug
Store: /Users/sarbogast/.android/debug.keystore
Alias: AndroidDebugKey
MD5: 93:AA:D5:1B:0D:EA:7B:49:0B:BE:9F:13:FA:46:74:3F
SHA1: 09:FE:D6:BF:19:44:FC:BB:AB:7E:24:19:F7:A9:7D:31:2B:A5:55:17
SHA-256: 62:99:B8:38:07:B1:41:63:62:39:1B:2F:8A:80:F4:F6:E6:A5:97:2C:D0:7B:28:1E:34:2F:90:D1:10:C3:04:C4
Valid until: Monday, November 9, 2043
----------
Variant: devReleaseUnitTest
Config: none
----------
Variant: prodDebugUnitTest
Config: debug
Store: /Users/sarbogast/.android/debug.keystore
Alias: AndroidDebugKey
MD5: 93:AA:D5:1B:0D:EA:7B:49:0B:BE:9F:13:FA:46:74:3F
SHA1: 09:FE:D6:BF:19:44:FC:BB:AB:7E:24:19:F7:A9:7D:31:2B:A5:55:17
SHA-256: 62:99:B8:38:07:B1:41:63:62:39:1B:2F:8A:80:F4:F6:E6:A5:97:2C:D0:7B:28:1E:34:2F:90:D1:10:C3:04:C4
Valid until: Monday, November 9, 2043
----------
Variant: devDebugUnitTest
Config: debug
Store: /Users/sarbogast/.android/debug.keystore
Alias: AndroidDebugKey
MD5: 93:AA:D5:1B:0D:EA:7B:49:0B:BE:9F:13:FA:46:74:3F
SHA1: 09:FE:D6:BF:19:44:FC:BB:AB:7E:24:19:F7:A9:7D:31:2B:A5:55:17
SHA-256: 62:99:B8:38:07:B1:41:63:62:39:1B:2F:8A:80:F4:F6:E6:A5:97:2C:D0:7B:28:1E:34:2F:90:D1:10:C3:04:C4
Valid until: Monday, November 9, 2043
----------
Variant: devDebugAndroidTest
Config: debug
Store: /Users/sarbogast/.android/debug.keystore
Alias: AndroidDebugKey
MD5: 93:AA:D5:1B:0D:EA:7B:49:0B:BE:9F:13:FA:46:74:3F
SHA1: 09:FE:D6:BF:19:44:FC:BB:AB:7E:24:19:F7:A9:7D:31:2B:A5:55:17
SHA-256: 62:99:B8:38:07:B1:41:63:62:39:1B:2F:8A:80:F4:F6:E6:A5:97:2C:D0:7B:28:1E:34:2F:90:D1:10:C3:04:C4
Valid until: Monday, November 9, 2043
----------
Variant: betaDebugUnitTest
Config: debug
Store: /Users/sarbogast/.android/debug.keystore
Alias: AndroidDebugKey
MD5: 93:AA:D5:1B:0D:EA:7B:49:0B:BE:9F:13:FA:46:74:3F
SHA1: 09:FE:D6:BF:19:44:FC:BB:AB:7E:24:19:F7:A9:7D:31:2B:A5:55:17
SHA-256: 62:99:B8:38:07:B1:41:63:62:39:1B:2F:8A:80:F4:F6:E6:A5:97:2C:D0:7B:28:1E:34:2F:90:D1:10:C3:04:C4
Valid until: Monday, November 9, 2043
----------
Variant: devDebug
Config: debug
Store: /Users/sarbogast/.android/debug.keystore
Alias: AndroidDebugKey
MD5: 93:AA:D5:1B:0D:EA:7B:49:0B:BE:9F:13:FA:46:74:3F
SHA1: 09:FE:D6:BF:19:44:FC:BB:AB:7E:24:19:F7:A9:7D:31:2B:A5:55:17
SHA-256: 62:99:B8:38:07:B1:41:63:62:39:1B:2F:8A:80:F4:F6:E6:A5:97:2C:D0:7B:28:1E:34:2F:90:D1:10:C3:04:C4
Valid until: Monday, November 9, 2043
----------
Variant: betaReleaseUnitTest
Config: none
----------
Variant: prodDebugAndroidTest
Config: debug
Store: /Users/sarbogast/.android/debug.keystore
Alias: AndroidDebugKey
MD5: 93:AA:D5:1B:0D:EA:7B:49:0B:BE:9F:13:FA:46:74:3F
SHA1: 09:FE:D6:BF:19:44:FC:BB:AB:7E:24:19:F7:A9:7D:31:2B:A5:55:17
SHA-256: 62:99:B8:38:07:B1:41:63:62:39:1B:2F:8A:80:F4:F6:E6:A5:97:2C:D0:7B:28:1E:34:2F:90:D1:10:C3:04:C4
Valid until: Monday, November 9, 2043
----------
Variant: betaDebug
Config: debug
Store: /Users/sarbogast/.android/debug.keystore
Alias: AndroidDebugKey
MD5: 93:AA:D5:1B:0D:EA:7B:49:0B:BE:9F:13:FA:46:74:3F
SHA1: 09:FE:D6:BF:19:44:FC:BB:AB:7E:24:19:F7:A9:7D:31:2B:A5:55:17
SHA-256: 62:99:B8:38:07:B1:41:63:62:39:1B:2F:8A:80:F4:F6:E6:A5:97:2C:D0:7B:28:1E:34:2F:90:D1:10:C3:04:C4
Valid until: Monday, November 9, 2043
----------

BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 1s
1 actionable task: 1 executed
13:05:38: Task execution finished 'signingReport'.

我对整个 Android 生态系统还是比较陌生，我找不到很多关于这种设置的文档，所以我也不确定我做的是否正确。

Answer 1

可能是你的signingConfig有问题

试试这个，

signingConfigs {
    productname{
        storeFile file("release.keystore") //or jKs file path
        storePassword "myPassword"
        keyAlias "myAlias"
        keyPassword "Something...."
    }
}

buildTypes {

    debug {
        signingConfig signingConfigs.productname
    }
    release {
        signingConfig signingConfigs.productname
    }
}