spring - 将Spring Boot RESTful Web Service部署到Tomcat时，Web.xml仍然丢失

Question

我试图将使用Spring Boot构建的RESTful Web服务部署到Tomcat实例中，但收效甚微。

我的软件配置如下:我的计算机是运行OS X Yosemite 10.10.3，带有Oracle Java JDK 8 1.8.0_45，Gradle 2.4和Apache Tomcat 7.0.47的Mac。我使用IntelliJ IDEA 14.1.4作为开发平台。

我从遵循此guide开始，我得到了一个 jar ，该 jar 启动了一个可以按预期工作的嵌入式容器。然后，我关注了在另一个guide末尾链接的有关converting a Spring Boot JAR Application to a WAR的文档。我遵循了Section 59.4 "Packaging executable jar and war files"中的说明，然后遵循了Section 74.1 "Create a deployable war file"中的说明。根据该站点其他面临相同问题的其他成员的帖子(here，here，here和here，仅举几例)，我现在应该可以创建一个创建WAR并将其部署到我的 Tomcat 不幸的是，这种情况并非如此。

该项目包含以下3个Java文件:Application.java，Greeting.java和GreetingController.java。第一个如下:

package hello;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Override
    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
        return application.sources(Application.class);
    }

}

第二个文件包含以下内容:

package hello;

public class Greeting {

    private final long id;

    private final String content;

    public Greeting(long id, String content) {
        this.id = id;
        this.content = content;
    }

    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

}

最后，后一个文件是:

package hello;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class GreetingController {

    private static final String template = "Hello, %s!";

    private final AtomicLong counter = new AtomicLong();

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public Greeting greeting(@RequestParam(value="name", defaultValue="World") String name) {
        return new Greeting(counter.incrementAndGet(), String.format(template, name));
    }
}

该项目还包含以下build.gradle文件:

buildscript {
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:1.2.4.RELEASE")
    }
}

apply plugin: 'war'
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'idea'
apply plugin: 'spring-boot'

sourceCompatibility = 1.8
targetCompatibility = 1.8

war {
    baseName = 'rest'
//    version =  '0.1.0'
}

repositories {
    mavenLocal()
    mavenCentral()
}

configurations {
    providedRuntime
}

dependencies {
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")
    providedRuntime("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat")
    testCompile("junit:junit")
}

现在，如果我运行“gradle war”任务，则会生成一个大约8 Mb的WAR文件。我可以成功地将其部署到本地Tomcat，但是当我将浏览器指向 http://localhost:8080/rest/hello?name=World时，我得到的是空白页面，而不是带有预期JSON的页面。如果运行任务“gradle build”或“gradle bootRepackage”，则将同时获得JAR和WAR及其原始版本。我之所以提到这些命令，是因为我在任何地方都没有看到它们，可能对他们有所帮助。原始版本的大小均约为8 Mb，而JAR和WAR的大小均为12 Mb。如果同时部署两个WAR，则不会收到任何错误消息，但在浏览器中也没有任何结果。这里有人建议说web.xml可能会丢失，实际上没有WAR实际包含这样的文件。我之所以这样说是因为我的Tomcat不是很新，并且出于某种原因，我认为Spring Boot必须自动从上面的代码和注释中创建一个 web.xml。

正如@dunni在评论中所建议的，这是我的Tomcat日志文件。首先， catalina.log:

giu 24, 2015 10:35:01 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployWAR
INFO: Deploying web application archive /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest.war

然后 localhost.log:

giu 24, 2015 10:35:02 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: Spring WebApplicationInitializers detected on classpath: [org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration@4dfaba52]

最后 manager.log:

giu 24, 2015 10:34:43 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: HTMLManager: list: Listing contexts for virtual host 'localhost'
giu 24, 2015 10:34:44 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: HTMLManager: list: Listing contexts for virtual host 'localhost'
giu 24, 2015 10:35:02 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: HTMLManager: list: Listing contexts for virtual host 'localhost'

以上内容是我在部署WAR之后得到的。如果我随后尝试连接到 http://localhost:8080/， http://localhost:8080/rest/， http://localhost:8080/rest/hello或 http://localhost:8080/rest/hello?name=World，则没有任何改变。

到底是怎么回事？我想念什么？您能给我解释一下问题是什么，该怎么做才能在Tomcat上成功部署此玩具服务？提前谢谢了。

由于上述日志并没有真正帮助，因此我尝试重新启动Tomcat守护程序，并获得了更有意义的信息。现在，我有以下文件: catalina.log， catalina.out， host-manager.log(空)， launchd.stderr(空)， launchd.stdout， localhost_access_log.txt(空)， localhost.log和 manager.log(空)。 catalina.log和 catalina.out现在包含以下内容:

giu 24, 2015 11:11:49 AM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: /Users/stefano/Library/Java/Extensions:/Library/Java/Extensions:/Network/Library/Java/Extensions:/System/Library/Java/Extensions:/usr/lib/java:.
giu 24, 2015 11:11:49 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
giu 24, 2015 11:11:49 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
giu 24, 2015 11:11:49 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Initialization processed in 666 ms
giu 24, 2015 11:11:49 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
INFO: Starting service Catalina
giu 24, 2015 11:11:49 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.47
giu 24, 2015 11:11:49 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployWAR
INFO: Deploying web application archive /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/Plakko.war
giu 24, 2015 11:11:51 AM org.apache.catalina.util.SessionIdGenerator createSecureRandom
INFO: Creation of SecureRandom instance for session ID generation using [SHA1PRNG] took [574] milliseconds.
giu 24, 2015 11:11:51 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployWAR
INFO: Deploying web application archive /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest.war
giu 24, 2015 11:11:52 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/docs
giu 24, 2015 11:11:52 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/host-manager
giu 24, 2015 11:11:53 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/manager
giu 24, 2015 11:11:53 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/ROOT
giu 24, 2015 11:11:53 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
giu 24, 2015 11:11:53 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
giu 24, 2015 11:11:53 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
INFO: Server startup in 3349 ms

launchd.stdout包含:

Wed Jun 24 11:11:48 CEST 2015
Starting Tomcat
Waiting for 89105

localhost.log包含:

giu 24, 2015 11:11:52 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
INFO: Spring WebApplicationInitializers detected on classpath: [org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration@2d5eb959]

如果我尝试使用Web服务，则 localhost_access_log.txt将更新为:

217.20.22.194 - - [24/Jun/2015:11:23:16 +0200] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 11444
217.20.22.194 - - [24/Jun/2015:11:23:19 +0200] "GET /rest/ HTTP/1.1" 404 5
217.20.22.194 - - [24/Jun/2015:11:23:19 +0200] "GET /rest/hello HTTP/1.1" 404 5
217.20.22.194 - - [24/Jun/2015:11:23:20 +0200] "GET /rest/hello?name=World HTTP/1.1" 404 5

由于我觉得这些日志并没有真正的帮助，因此我尝试关闭并启动Tomcat。在这种情况下，我在 catalina.log和 catalina.out中发现了一些有趣的东西。前者:

giu 24, 2015 11:36:56 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployWAR
INFO: Deploying web application archive /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest.war
giu 24, 2015 11:36:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase addChildInternal
SEVERE: ContainerBase.addChild: start: 
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/rest]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:633)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:983)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1660)
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:724)
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: java.lang.reflect.Parameter.isNamePresent()Z
    at org.springframework.core.StandardReflectionParameterNameDiscoverer.getParameterNames(StandardReflectionParameterNameDiscoverer.java:56)
    at org.springframework.core.PrioritizedParameterNameDiscoverer.getParameterNames(PrioritizedParameterNameDiscoverer.java:65)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:182)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1139)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1042)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:303)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:299)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.BeanTypeRegistry$OptimizedBeanTypeRegistry.getFromFactory(BeanTypeRegistry.java:320)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.BeanTypeRegistry.get(BeanTypeRegistry.java:162)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.collectBeanNamesForType(OnBeanCondition.java:158)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.getBeanNamesForType(OnBeanCondition.java:147)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.getMatchingBeans(OnBeanCondition.java:119)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.getMatchOutcome(OnBeanCondition.java:94)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.SpringBootCondition.matches(SpringBootCondition.java:45)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(ConditionEvaluator.java:102)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitionsForBeanMethod(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java:190)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitionsForConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java:148)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java:124)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:318)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:239)
    at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:254)
    at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:94)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:606)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:462)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:686)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:320)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer.run(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:117)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer.createRootApplicationContext(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:108)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer.onStartup(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:68)
    at org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer.onStartup(SpringServletContainerInitializer.java:175)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5423)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    ... 10 more

giu 24, 2015 11:36:59 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployWAR
SEVERE: Error deploying web application archive /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest.war
java.lang.IllegalStateException: ContainerBase.addChild: start: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/rest]]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:904)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:633)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:983)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1660)
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:724)

而后面的 catalina.out:

giu 24, 2015 11:36:56 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployWAR
INFO: Deploying web application archive /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest.war

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.2.4.RELEASE)

2015-06-24 11:36:59.019  INFO 89274 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Starting application on Mac-mini-di-Stefano.local with PID 89274 (/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-boot-1.2.4.RELEASE.jar started by stefano in /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/bin)
2015-06-24 11:36:59.047  INFO 89274 --- [ost-startStop-1] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@34a13c2b: startup date [Wed Jun 24 11:36:59 CEST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
2015-06-24 11:36:59.648  INFO 89274 --- [ost-startStop-1] .b.l.ClasspathLoggingApplicationListener : Application failed to start with classpath: [file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/classes/, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/aopalliance-1.0.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/classmate-1.0.0.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/hibernate-validator-5.1.3.Final.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/jackson-annotations-2.4.0.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/jackson-core-2.4.6.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/jackson-databind-2.4.6.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.12.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/jul-to-slf4j-1.7.12.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/log4j-over-slf4j-1.7.12.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/logback-classic-1.1.3.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/logback-core-1.1.3.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/slf4j-api-1.7.12.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/snakeyaml-1.14.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-aop-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-boot-1.2.4.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.2.4.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-boot-starter-1.2.4.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-boot-starter-logging-1.2.4.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-boot-starter-web-1.2.4.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-context-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-expression-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.47/webapps/rest/WEB-INF/lib/validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar]
2015-06-24 11:36:59.663 ERROR 89274 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Application startup failed

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: java.lang.reflect.Parameter.isNamePresent()Z
    at org.springframework.core.StandardReflectionParameterNameDiscoverer.getParameterNames(StandardReflectionParameterNameDiscoverer.java:56)
    at org.springframework.core.PrioritizedParameterNameDiscoverer.getParameterNames(PrioritizedParameterNameDiscoverer.java:65)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:182)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1139)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1042)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:303)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:299)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.BeanTypeRegistry$OptimizedBeanTypeRegistry.getFromFactory(BeanTypeRegistry.java:320)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.BeanTypeRegistry.get(BeanTypeRegistry.java:162)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.collectBeanNamesForType(OnBeanCondition.java:158)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.getBeanNamesForType(OnBeanCondition.java:147)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.getMatchingBeans(OnBeanCondition.java:119)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.OnBeanCondition.getMatchOutcome(OnBeanCondition.java:94)
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.SpringBootCondition.matches(SpringBootCondition.java:45)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(ConditionEvaluator.java:102)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitionsForBeanMethod(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java:190)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitionsForConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java:148)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java:124)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:318)
    at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:239)
    at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:254)
    at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:94)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:606)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:462)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:686)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:320)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer.run(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:117)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer.createRootApplicationContext(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:108)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer.onStartup(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:68)
    at org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer.onStartup(SpringServletContainerInitializer.java:175)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5423)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:633)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:983)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1660)
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:724)

通过查看这些日志，我感觉到Spring的自动魔术过程中出现了一些故障，但是不幸的是，我不知道该如何解决该问题。有什么帮助吗？

Answer 1

您正在使用什么版本的Java？ gradle文件指示您打算使用Java 8，但是此错误表明您不打算使用Java 8。

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: java.lang.reflect.Parameter.isNamePresent()

The Parameter class was not introduced until java 8。您的tomcat使用哪个Java版本？