java - 为什么在通过 Intellij 使用 tomcat 启动 Web 应用程序时有时会出现奇怪的 FileNotFoundExceptions

Question

我正在使用 Spring 和 Spring Security 开发一个 Java 8 Web 应用程序。它是一个简单的 Web 应用程序，正在通过 aven 构建到 war-File 中。我的 IDE 是 Intellij IDEA Ultimate，该应用程序正在使用 Intellij 部署到 Tomcat 8.5。构建过程使用两个 Maven 配置文件。

如果我尝试通过 Intellij Tomcat 运行配置启动应用程序，我有时(不是每次，这也很奇怪)在 target\webapp\WEB- INF\lib\。依赖项都在 pom 文件中定义，就像任何标准 Maven 项目一样，所以这里没什么特别的。任何地方都没有相对或绝对文件路径!如果我检查“丢失”的 jar 然后我找到它们，它们都在它们应该在的地方(“<%Project_Root%>\target\webapp\WEB-INF\lib\”)但是 Intellij 说它们不在

示例错误堆栈:

    17-May-2019 13:23:11.715 SCHWERWIEGEND [ContainerBackgroundProcessor[StandardEngine[Catalina]]] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.reload Exception starting Context with name [/collphir]
 org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/collphir]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:167)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.reload(StandardContext.java:3839)
    at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappLoader.backgroundProcess(WebappLoader.java:291)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.backgroundProcess(StandardContext.java:5612)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$ContainerBackgroundProcessor.processChildren(ContainerBase.java:1389)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$ContainerBackgroundProcessor.processChildren(ContainerBase.java:1393)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$ContainerBackgroundProcessor.processChildren(ContainerBase.java:1393)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$ContainerBackgroundProcessor.run(ContainerBase.java:1361)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: java.io.FileNotFoundException: C:\GITROOT\adesso\collphir4_backend\target\webapp\WEB-INF\lib\spring-data-jpa-1.11.1.RELEASE.jar (Das System kann die angegebene Datei nicht finden)
    at org.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.isMultiRelease(AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.java:121)
    at org.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractArchiveResourceSet.getResource(AbstractArchiveResourceSet.java:250)
    at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.getResourcesInternal(StandardRoot.java:327)
    at org.apache.catalina.webresources.CachedResource.validateResources(CachedResource.java:140)
    at org.apache.catalina.webresources.Cache.getResources(Cache.java:147)
    at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.getResources(StandardRoot.java:315)
    at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.getClassLoaderResources(StandardRoot.java:231)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.ExtensionValidator.validateApplication(ExtensionValidator.java:146)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5062)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
    ... 8 more
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: C:\GITROOT\adesso\collphir4_backend\target\webapp\WEB-INF\lib\spring-data-jpa-1.11.1.RELEASE.jar (Das System kann die angegebene Datei nicht finden)
    at java.util.zip.ZipFile.open(Native Method)
    at java.util.zip.ZipFile.<init>(ZipFile.java:225)
    at java.util.zip.ZipFile.<init>(ZipFile.java:155)
    at java.util.jar.JarFile.<init>(JarFile.java:166)
    at java.util.jar.JarFile.<init>(JarFile.java:130)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.compat.JreCompat.jarFileNewInstance(JreCompat.java:196)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.compat.JreCompat.jarFileNewInstance(JreCompat.java:181)
    at org.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractArchiveResourceSet.openJarFile(AbstractArchiveResourceSet.java:308)
    at org.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.isMultiRelease(AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.java:116)
    ... 17 more

摘 self 的 pom.xml:

<plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <packagingExcludes>
                        %regex[app-(?!${portal.frontend-base}).*],
                        %regex[profiles/(?!${portal.client-code}).*],
                        **/build/**,
                        **/scss/**,
                        **/node_modules/**,
                        **/*.map,
                        **/jsDoc.js
                    </packagingExcludes>
                    <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                    <webXml>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml</webXml>
                    <webappDirectory>target/webapp</webappDirectory>
                    <warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory>
                    <archive>
                        <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>
                        <manifestEntries>
                            <company>${project.organization.name}</company>
                            <application>${portal.backend-base}</application>
                            <build-date>${buildDateTime}</build-date>
                            <build-revision>${buildRevision}</build-revision>
                            <scm-branch>${scmBranch}</scm-branch>
                        </manifestEntries>
                    </archive>
                    <webResources>
                        <!-- copy/parse context.xml -->
                        <resource>
                            <directory>src/main/resources/META-INF/</directory>
                            <targetPath>META-INF</targetPath>
                            <filtering>true</filtering>
                            <includes>
                                <include>context.xml</include>
                            </includes>
                        </resource>
                        <!-- copy/parse web.xml -->
                        <resource>
                            <directory>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/</directory>
                            <targetPath>WEB-INF</targetPath>
                            <filtering>true</filtering>
                            <includes>
                                <include>web.xml</include>
                            </includes>
                        </resource>
                        <!-- copy/parse index.html -->
                        <resource>
                            <directory>src/main/webapp/app-${portal.frontend-base}/</directory>
                            <filtering>true</filtering>
                            <includes>
                                <include>index*.html</include>
                            </includes>
                        </resource>
                    </webResources>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-data-jpa.version}</version>
                </dependency>

                <dependency>
                    <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
                    <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
                    <version>2.9.4</version>
                </dependency>

               <!-- [...] -->
            </dependencies>

Answer 1

在你的 pom.xml 中添加 jar 依赖 -

Dependencies : add dependency in your pom.xml

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
 <version>1.11.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

Build Configuration : 

    <build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <additionalparam>-Xdoclint:none</additionalparam>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>attach-javadocs</id>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>jar</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>

        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.6.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <!--<skipMain>true</skipMain> -->
                <skip>true</skip>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
            <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>${jacoco.version}</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>prepare-agent</id>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
                <execution>
                    <id>report</id>
                    <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>report</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
                <execution>
                    <id>post-unit-test</id>
                    <phase>test</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>report</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <!-- Sets the path to the file which contains the execution data. -->
                        <dataFile>target/jacoco.exec</dataFile>
                        <!-- Sets the output directory for the code coverage report. -->
                        <outputDirectory>target/jacoco-ut</outputDirectory>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
            <configuration>
                <systemPropertyVariables>
                    <jacoco-agent.destfile>target/jacoco.exec</jacoco-agent.destfile>
                </systemPropertyVariables>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>