python - 在类和函数中工作

Question

快速提问...我一直在开发一个小程序，该程序将根据“家庭作业”、“测验”和“测试”以及获得的字母等级来计算最终成绩百分比。这是一个我正在测试新事物的程序，我想知道如何在类里面或类内使用所有这些？

我考虑过保持功能性的东西不变，只使用一个类来基本上打印出学生姓名、最终字母等级和百分比的漂亮字符串。即使在类里面进行简单的打印，我也无法引入外部数据。有什么想法吗？

另外，有没有办法让用户的输入创建全新的空字典？ (也许如果可以创建多个词典，我可以创建一个函数或方法来计算类(class)平均值)我感谢您的帮助。谢谢!

student1 = {}
student = [student1]
def maker_d():
    name = raw_input("Please enter the student's name: ")
    student1['Name'] = name
    homework = raw_input("Please enter all of the student's homework grades separated by     a space: ")
    homework = [float(i) for i in homework.split()]
    student1['homework']= homework
    quizzes = raw_input("Please enter all of the student's quiz scores separated by a space: ")
    quizzes = [float(i) for i in quizzes.split()]
    student1['quizzes'] = quizzes
    tests = raw_input("Please enter all of the student's test scores separated by a space: ")
    tests = [float(i) for i in tests.split()]
    student1['tests'] = tests


def average(student):
    return sum(student) / len(student)

def get_average(student):
    h = average(student['homework'])
    q = average(student['quizzes'])
    t = average(student['tests'])
    total_average = (h * 0.1) + (q * 0.3) + (t * 0.6) #designates homework as 10%, quizzes as 30% and tests as 60% of final grade average
    return total_average


def get_letter_grade(score):
    if score >= 90:
        return "A"
    elif 80<= score <90:
        return "B"
    elif 70 <= score < 80:
        return "C"
    elif 60 <= score < 70:
        return "D"
    else:
        return "F"


def get_class_average(student):
    total = 0
    for each in student:
        total += get_average(each)
    return total / len(student)
    return get_class_average(get_average[student])

    class FinalGradePrinter(object):


        def __init__(self,name):
            self.name = name
        def __str__(self,name):
            print "% ',' your final grade is a %s based on your overall percentage of %f" % (self.name) 



def main():
    maker_d()
    print get_class_average(student)
    print get_letter_grade(get_class_average(student))



if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Answer 1

类是您要在应用程序中使用的对象的模板，对象旨在通过封装“事物”的属性来封装“事物”，以及使用这些属性的函数(例如，计算基于属性值，更改它们等)。这个主题太复杂了，这里不做更多介绍，值得对面向对象编程进行一些研究。

在您的情况下，您肯定有将 Student 作为类的情况，这是您代码中具有属性的“事物”，以及使用这些属性的函数。下面是您创建自己的 Student 类的一个很好的起点 - 尝试填写该类并修改您的代码以使用它(这将需要学习面向对象编程)将是一个很好的练习。随着示例的增长，您可能还想为测验、测试和家庭作业创建类。

class Student:

    # Constructor
    def __init__(self, name, homework, quizzes, tests):
        self.name = name
        self.homework = homework
        self.quizzes = quizzes
        self.tests = tests

    # Function to return average for this student
    def get_average(self):
        h = average(self.homework)
        ...
        return total_average

祝你好运，玩得开心!