java - Spring MVC App index.jsp 未在浏览器中显示，HTTP 404 结果

Question

我一直在关注有关在此处创建 Spring MVC 应用程序的(稍微过时的)教程:

https://docs.spring.io/docs/Spring-MVC-step-by-step/part1.html

我已经根据教程创建了 build.xml、build.properties 和 war/index.jsp 文件。还创建了一个包含 web.xml 的 war/WEB-INF 目录。我看到一个常见的错误是目录结构，我已经检查以确保我的错误是正确的。还确保路径正确。

我的构建文件使用 Ant 正确编译、构建和部署。但是，我不明白为什么命令“> ant list”会导致“已停止”状态而不是“正在运行”。请参阅下面的执行。

我的浏览器是否缺少 index.jsp 资源？我不确定此时还能做什么。

还有其他关于 Spring 的 MVC 教程吗？这似乎是最深入的。

Tom:springapp tom$ ant 
Buildfile: /Users/tom/Projects/springapp/build.xml

usage:
     [echo] 
     [echo] springapp build file
     [echo] -----------------------------------
     [echo] 
     [echo] Available targets are:
     [echo] 
     [echo] build     --> Build the application
     [echo] deploy    --> Deploy application as directory
     [echo] deploywar --> Deploy application as a WAR file
     [echo] install   --> Install application in Tomcat
     [echo] reload    --> Reload application in Tomcat
     [echo] start     --> Start Tomcat application
     [echo] stop      --> Stop Tomcat application
     [echo] list      --> List Tomcat application
     [echo] 

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 0 seconds
Tom:springapp tom$ ant build
Buildfile: /Users/tom/Projects/springapp/build.xml

build:

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 0 seconds
Tom:springapp tom$ ant deploy
Buildfile: /Users/tom/Projects/springapp/build.xml

build:

deploy:

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 0 seconds
Tom:springapp tom$ ant list
Buildfile: /Users/tom/Projects/springapp/build.xml

list:
 [list] OK - Listed applications for virtual host localhost
 [list] /:running:0:ROOT
 [list] /examples:running:0:examples
 [list] /host-manager:running:0:host-manager
 [list] /springapp:stopped:0:springapp
 [list] /manager:running:0:manager
 [list] /docs:running:0:docs

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 0 seconds

如果我尝试通过浏览器访问我的应用:

http://localhost:8080 -> 获取Tomcat登陆页面

"___________________"/manager/html -> 登录后工作正常

"___________________"/springapp/index.jsp -> 结果为 HTTP 404

不知道还能做什么。我检查了所有文件中的拼写错误。针对较新版本的 Tomcat 和 Java 进行了调整。源文件如下。

build.xml:

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<project name="springapp" basedir="/Users/tom/Projects/springapp"    default="usage">
<property file="build.properties"/>

<property name="src.dir" value="src"/>
<property name="web.dir" value="war"/>
<property name="build.dir" value="${web.dir}/WEB-INF/classes"/>
<property name="name" value="springapp"/>

<path id="master-classpath">
    <fileset dir="${web.dir}/WEB-INF/lib">
        <include name="*.jar"/>
    </fileset>
    <fileset dir="${appserver.lib}">
        <include name="servlet-api.jar"/>
    </fileset>
    <pathelement path="{$build.dir}"/>
</path>

<target name="usage">
    <echo message=""/>
    <echo message="${name} build file"/>
    <echo message="-----------------------------------"/>
    <echo message=""/>
    <echo message="Available targets are:"/>
    <echo message=""/>
    <echo message="build     --> Build the application"/>
    <echo message="deploy    --> Deploy application as directory"/>
    <echo message="deploywar --> Deploy application as a WAR file"/>
    <echo message="install   --> Install application in Tomcat"/>
    <echo message="reload    --> Reload application in Tomcat"/>
    <echo message="start     --> Start Tomcat application"/>
    <echo message="stop      --> Stop Tomcat application"/>
    <echo message="list      --> List Tomcat application"/>
    <echo message=""/>
</target>

<target name="build" description="Compile main source tree java files">
    <mkdir dir="S{build.dir}"/>
    <javac destdir="${build.dir}" source="1.8.0_60" target="1.8.0_60" debug="true"
        deprecation="false" optimize="false" failonerror="true" includeantruntime="true">
        <src path="${src.dir}"/>
        <classpath refid="master-classpath"/>
    </javac>
</target>

<target name="deploy" depends="build" description="Deploy application">
    <copy todir="${deploy.path}/${name}" preservelastmodified="true">
        <fileset dir="${web.dir}">
            <include name="**/*.*"/>
        </fileset>
</copy>
</target>

<target name="deploywar" depends="build" description="Deploy application as a WAR file">
    <war destfile="${name}.war"
        webxml="${web.dir}/WEB-INF/web.xmL">
        <fileset dir="${web.dir}">
            <include name="**/*.*"/>
        </fileset>
    </war>
    <copy todir="${deploy.path}" presevelastmodified="true">
        <fileset dir=".">
            <include name="*.war"/>
        </fileset>
    </copy>
</target>

<!-- Tomcat tasks -->

<path id="catalina-ant-classpath">
     <fileset dir="/usr/local/Cellar/tomcat/8.5.3/libexec/lib">
       <include name="catalina-ant.jar"/>
       <include name="tomcat-coyote.jar"/>
       <include name="tomcat-util.jar"/>
    </fileset>
    <fileset dir="/usr/local/Cellar/tomcat/8.5.3/libexec/bin">
        <include name="tomcat-juli.jar"/>
    </fileset>
</path>

<taskdef name="install" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.DeployTask">
    <classpath refid="catalina-ant-classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef name="reload" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.ReloadTask">
    <classpath refid="catalina-ant-classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef name="list" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.ListTask">
    <classpath refid="catalina-ant-classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef name="start" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.StartTask">
    <classpath refid="catalina-ant-classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef name="stop" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.StopTask">
    <classpath refid="catalina-ant-classpath"/>
</taskdef>

<target name="install" description="Install application in Tomcat">
    <install url="${tomcat.manager.url}"
        username="${tomcat.manager.username}"
        password="${tomcat.manager.password}"
        path="/${name}"/>
</target>

<target name="reload" description="Reload application in Tomcat">
    <install url="${tomcat.manager.url}"
        username="${tomcat.manager.username}"
        password="${tomcat.manager.password}"
        path="/${name}"/>
</target>

<target name="start" description="Start application in Tomcat">
    <install url="${tomcat.manager.url}"
        username="${tomcat.manager.username}"
        password="${tomcat.manager.password}"
        path="/${name}"/>
</target>

<target name="stop" description="Stop application in Tomcat">
    <install url="${tomcat.manager.url}"
        username="${tomcat.manager.username}"
        password="${tomcat.manager.password}"
        path="/${name}"/>
</target>

<target name="list" description="List application in Tomcat">
    <list url="${tomcat.manager.url}"
        username="${tomcat.manager.username}"
        password="${tomcat.manager.password}"/>
</target>

<!-- End Tomcat tasks -->

springapp/build.properties:

#Ant properties for building the springapp

appserver.home=/usr/local/Cellar/tomcat/8.5.3/libexec

appserver.lib=${appserver.home}/lib

deploy.path=${appserver.home}/webapps

tomcat.manager.url=http://localhost:8080/manager/text
tomcat.manager.username=tomcat
tomcat.manager.password=s3cret

springapp/war/index.jsp

<html>
    <head><title>Example :: Spring Application</title></head>
    <body>
        <h1>Example - Spring Application</h1>
        <p>This is my test.</p>
    </body>
</html>

springapp/war/WEB-INF/web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
xmlns="httpL//java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

<welcome-file-list>
  <welcome-file>
    index.jsp
  </welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>"

Answer 1

@Andreas 提到要检查日志。

有几个 Tomcat 日志文件，我发现最有用且包含最多信息的文件是 catalina.date.log。它显示了堆栈跟踪，从那里我能够在我的 web.xml 文件的最后查明一个拼写错误。

解决错字后，我能够成功访问 index.jsp。