python - 在 Jupyter Notebook 中导入 pyplot

Question

运行 Python 2.7 并尝试让绘图工作，教程推荐以下命令。

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

从命令行运行时工作正常

python -c "from matplotlib import pyplot as plt"

但是当我尝试在 Jupyter Notebook 中运行它时出现错误。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ImportError                               Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-21-1d1446f6fa64> in <module>()
----> 1 from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py in <module>()
    112 
    113 from matplotlib.backends import pylab_setup
--> 114 _backend_mod, new_figure_manager, draw_if_interactive, _show = pylab_setup()
    115 
    116 _IP_REGISTERED = None

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/__init__.pyc in pylab_setup()
     30     # imports. 0 means only perform absolute imports.
     31     backend_mod = __import__(backend_name,
---> 32                              globals(),locals(),[backend_name],0)
     33 
     34     # Things we pull in from all backends

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ipykernel/pylab/backend_inline.py in <module>()
    154         configure_inline_support(ip, backend)
    155 
--> 156 _enable_matplotlib_integration()

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ipykernel/pylab/backend_inline.py in _enable_matplotlib_integration()
    152     backend = get_backend()
    153     if ip and backend == 'module://%s' % __name__:
--> 154         configure_inline_support(ip, backend)
    155 
    156 _enable_matplotlib_integration()

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/core/pylabtools.pyc in configure_inline_support(shell, backend)
    359     except ImportError:
    360         return
--> 361     from matplotlib import pyplot
    362 
    363     cfg = InlineBackend.instance(parent=shell)

ImportError: cannot import name pyplot

下面的命令有效

import matplotlib

但是下面给了我一个类似的错误

import matplotlib.pyplot

Answer 1

您也可以使用 %matplotlib inline 魔法，但它之前必须有纯 %matplotlib 行:

作品(新窗口中的数字)

%matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

作品(内联数字)

%matplotlib
%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

不起作用

%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

还有:Failure to import matplotlib.pyplot in jupyter (but not ipython)似乎是同一个问题。它看起来像是最近在 ipykernel 中引入的错误。也许有人将这个或其他问题标记为重复，谢谢。