python - 使用 itertools 从列表中进行组合

Question

import itertools
a = [[2, 3], [3, 4]]
b = [[5, 6], [7, 8], [9, 10]]
c = [[11, 12], [13, 14]]
d = [[15, 16], [17, 18]]
e = [[12,16],[13,17],[14,18],[15,19]]

q=[]
q=list(itertools.combinations((a, b, b,c, c, d,e),7)
print q

我将如何正确使用 itertools 中的组合函数来使用列表 a 一次，b 2 次无替换，c 2 次无替换，d 和 e 各一次？

[[[2, 3],[5, 6],[7, 8],[11, 12],[13, 14],[15, 16],[12,16]], 
[[2, 3],[5, 6],[7, 8],[11, 12],[13, 14],[15, 16],[13,17]],
[[2, 3],[5, 6],[7, 8],[11, 12],[13, 14],[15, 16],[14,18]],
[[2, 3],[5, 6],[7, 8],[11, 12],[13, 14],[15, 16],[15,19]], 
[[2, 3],[5, 6],[7, 8],[11, 12],[13, 14],[15, 16],[12,16]],...
[[3, 4],[7, 8],[9, 10],[11, 12], [13, 14],[17, 18],[15,19]]]

Answer 1

您似乎在寻找 combinations 的组合和 product :使用combinations 获取可能的组合而不替换重复列表，然后使用product 组合所有这些组合。您可以将列表和计数放在两个列表中，zip 这些列表，然后使用生成器表达式来获取所有组合。

from itertools import product, combinations, chain
lists = [a,b,c,d,e]
counts = [1,2,2,1,1]
combs = product(*(combinations(l, c) for l, c in zip(lists, counts)))

对于这个例子，combs 生成器有 48 个元素，其中包括:

[(([2, 3],), ([5, 6], [7, 8]), ([11, 12], [13, 14]), ([15, 16],), ([12, 16],)),
 ...
 (([2, 3],), ([5, 6], [7, 8]), ([11, 12], [13, 14]), ([17, 18],), ([15, 19],)),
 (([2, 3],), ([5, 6], [9, 10]),([11, 12], [13, 14]), ([15, 16],), ([12, 16],)),
 ...
 (([3, 4],), ([5, 6], [7, 8]), ([11, 12], [13, 14]), ([15, 16],), ([12, 16],)),
 ...
 (([3, 4],), ([5, 6], [7, 8]), ([11, 12], [13, 14]), ([17, 18],), ([15, 19],)),
 ...
 (([3, 4],), ([7, 8], [9, 10]),([11, 12], [13, 14]), ([17, 18],), ([15, 19],))]

如果你想要flattened lists , 只是 chain他们:

>>> combs = (list(chain(*p)) for p in product(*(combinations(l, c) for l, c in zip(lists, counts))))
>>> list(combs)
[[[2, 3], [5, 6], [7, 8], [11, 12], [13, 14], [15, 16], [12, 16]],
 ...
 [[3, 4], [7, 8], [9, 10], [11, 12], [13, 14], [17, 18], [15, 19]]]