Tensorflow 中的 Python SSL 认证问题

Question

我正在尝试下载据称在以下位置处理的 MNIST 数据:

tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist.input_data.read_data_sets()

据我所知，read_data_sets 向服务器发送拉取请求以下载(大约)1.5GB 的数据。

我不断收到此回溯错误:

File
"/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py",
line 1318, in do_open
    encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py",
line 1239, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)   File
"/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py",
line 1285, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py",
line 1234, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)   File
"/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py",
line 1026, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py",
line 964, in send
    self.connect()   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py",
line 1400, in connect
    server_hostname=server_hostname)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py",
line 401, in wrap_socket
    _context=self, _session=session)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py",
line 808, in __init__
    self.do_handshake()   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py",
line 1061, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py",
line 683, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake() ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:748)

它显然与 Python 使用的 SSL 证书有关...所以我转到/Applications/Python 3.6/并执行位于那里的“Install Certifactions.command”并收到此错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):   File
"/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/shutil.py",
line 544, in move
    os.rename(src, real_dst) PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied:
'/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/certifi-2015.04.28.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst'
-'/var/folders/mq/g_jy_1qx1vjdb3xmdh7y62y80000gn/T/pip-3m8ixnf5-uninstall/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/certifi-2015.04.28.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):   File
"/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py",
line 215, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py",
line 342, in run
    prefix=options.prefix_path,   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py",
line 778, in install
    requirement.uninstall(auto_confirm=True)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py",
line 754, in uninstall
    paths_to_remove.remove(auto_confirm)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/req/req_uninstall.py",
line 115, in remove
    renames(path, new_path)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/utils/__init__.py",
line 267, in renames
    shutil.move(old, new)   File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/shutil.py",
line 559, in move
    os.unlink(src) PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/certifi-2015.04.28.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst'

我的文件系统权限有问题吗？大约一个月前，我确实在这台计算机上重新安装了 OSX...

有没有办法手动安装证书？或者发出拉取请求将数据下载到非 https 地址？

Answer 1

安装证书，双击 /Applications/Python 3.6/Install Certificates.command 中的文件(在 macOS 上)，或从 bash 终端运行此命令:

/Applications/Python\ 3.6/Install\ Certificates.command

现在安装了证书以通过 HTTPS 下载数据。

来源:dedicated issue on TensorFlow GitHub for official models .