java - Apache Tomcat 8.0 在 Eclipse MARS 上启动失败 - JAVA EE

Question

在我安装的 Eclipse 版本之后，我测试了名为“CrunchifySpringMVCTutorial”的 Spring 简单应用程序。这是一个maven项目。它已成功构建，当开始使用 Apache tomcat 时出现如下错误。

Java 版本

• java 版本
• Java 版本“1.8.0_65”
• Java(TM) SE 运行时环境(build 1.8.0_65-b17)
• Java HotSpot(TM) 64 位服务器虚拟机(内部版本 25.65-b01，混合模式)

Eclipse 版本

• 面向 Web 开发人员的 Eclipse Java EE IDE。
• 版本:Mars.1 发布 (4.5.1)

• 构建 ID:20150924-1200

  SEVERE: A child container failed during start
  java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
      at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
      at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:917)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:439)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:760)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:625)
      at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
      at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
      at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
      at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)
  Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1409)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1399)
      at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
      at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
      at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
      at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
  Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
      at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:925)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:868)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
      ... 6 more
  
  Feb 09, 2016 11:46:19 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
  SEVERE: The required Server component failed to start so Tomcat is unable to start.
  org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:625)
      at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
      at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
      at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
      at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)
  Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:760)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
      ... 7 more
  Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:439)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
      ... 9 more
  Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
      at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:925)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
      ... 11 more
  
  Feb 09, 2016 11:46:19 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
  INFO: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
  Feb 09, 2016 11:46:19 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
  INFO: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
  Feb 09, 2016 11:46:19 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stopInternal
  INFO: Stopping service Catalina
  Feb 09, 2016 11:46:19 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
  INFO: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
  Feb 09, 2016 11:46:19 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
  SEVERE: Failed to destroy end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
  java.lang.NullPointerException
      at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.releaseCaches(NioEndpoint.java:307)
      at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.unbind(NioEndpoint.java:482)
      at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.destroy(AbstractEndpoint.java:795)
      at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy(AbstractProtocol.java:531)
      at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.destroyInternal(Connector.java:1023)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.destroyInternal(StandardService.java:588)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.destroyInternal(StandardServer.java:850)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:629)
      at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
      at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
      at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
      at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)
  
  Feb 09, 2016 11:46:19 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
  INFO: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
  Feb 09, 2016 11:46:19 AM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
  SEVERE: Failed to destroy end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
  java.lang.NullPointerException
      at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.releaseCaches(NioEndpoint.java:307)
      at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.unbind(NioEndpoint.java:482)
      at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.destroy(AbstractEndpoint.java:795)
      at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy(AbstractProtocol.java:531)
      at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.destroyInternal(Connector.java:1023)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.destroyInternal(StandardService.java:588)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
      at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.destroyInternal(StandardServer.java:850)
      at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:629)
      at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
      at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
      at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
      at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
      at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)
  

  手动启动和关闭工作无错误。

  [root@csc bin]# ./startup.sh 
  Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.15
  Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.15
  Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.15/temp
  Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
  Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.15/bin/bootstrap.jar:
  /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.15/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
  Tomcat started.
  
  [root@csc bin]# ./shutdown.sh 
  Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.15
  Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.15
  Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.15/temp
  Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
  Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.15/bin/bootstrap.jar:
  /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.15/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
  

Answer 1

我假设您没有以 root 身份运行 eclipse。但是，您的“手动启动”代码意味着您的手动启动是作为 root 执行的。这通常会导致许多工作文件、临时文件和其他文件归 root 所有，非特权用户不可写。

解决方法是更改​​文件的所有权，例如给与您一起执行 eclipse 的用户——通常是您自己的帐户。现在文件已经属于 root，您也必须以 root 身份执行此操作:

sudo chown --recursive yourusername /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.15

(替换您的用户名，当然)

永远不要以 root 身份运行像 tomcat 这样的网络服务器 - 您总是希望它以非特权用户身份运行。否则，tomcat 上的任何安全问题都可能意味着攻击者可以立即获得 root 访问权限