java - tomcat上的logback配置

Question

我在 tomcat (7.0.37) 上使用 Logback。我想配置 logback，它可以在其中为我编写可通过 Web 访问的日志文件，但我什至可以将其配置为在控制台上写入。我无法在控制台上格式化日志消息。它总是以默认格式和异常返回给我。

%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n

这是我的 logback-access.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration debug="true">
    <statusListener class="ch.qos.logback.core.status.OnConsoleStatusListener" />

    <appender name="RootFileAppender" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
        <file>testing</file>
        <append>true</append>

        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.FixedWindowRollingPolicy">
            <fileNamePattern>testing.%i</fileNamePattern>
            <minIndex>1</minIndex>
            <maxIndex>12</maxIndex>
        </rollingPolicy>

        <triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy">
            <maxFileSize>1MB</maxFileSize>
        </triggeringPolicy>

        <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.core.encoder.LayoutWrappingEncoder">
            <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.html.HTMLLayout">
              <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %m%n</pattern>
            </layout>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="RootConsoleAppender" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-6level- %logger{36}: %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender-ref ref="RootFileAppender"/>
    <appender-ref ref="RootConsoleAppender"/>
</configuration>

有了这个配置，每次有 http 请求到我的服务器时我都会得到异常，如下所示:

18:08:19,951 |-ERROR in ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender[RootConsoleAppender] - Appender [RootConsoleAppender] failed to append. java.lang.ClassCastException: ch.qos.logback.access.spi.AccessEvent cannot be cast to ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.ILoggingEvent
    at java.lang.ClassCastException: ch.qos.logback.access.spi.AccessEvent cannot be cast to ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.ILoggingEvent
    at  at ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout.doLayout(PatternLayout.java:60)
    at  at ch.qos.logback.core.encoder.LayoutWrappingEncoder.doEncode(LayoutWrappingEncoder.java:134)
    at  at ch.qos.logback.core.OutputStreamAppender.writeOut(OutputStreamAppender.java:188)
    at  at ch.qos.logback.core.OutputStreamAppender.subAppend(OutputStreamAppender.java:212)
    at  at ch.qos.logback.core.OutputStreamAppender.append(OutputStreamAppender.java:103)
    at  at ch.qos.logback.core.UnsynchronizedAppenderBase.doAppend(UnsynchronizedAppenderBase.java:88)
    at  at ch.qos.logback.core.spi.AppenderAttachableImpl.appendLoopOnAppenders(AppenderAttachableImpl.java:48)
    at  at ch.qos.logback.access.tomcat.LogbackValve.invoke(LogbackValve.java:182)
    at  at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:936)
    at  at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
    at  at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407)
    at  at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1004)
    at  at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589)
    at  at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:310)
    at  at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at  at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at  at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)

Answer 1

Logback-access 用于访问日志。 Logback-access 的意图与 logback-classic 不同。因此，在 logback-access 配置文件中，您需要使用“ch.qos.logback.access”包中的 PatternLayoutEncoder，而不是“ch.qos.logback.经典.encoder"包。

例如写:

<appender name="RootConsoleAppender" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
  <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.access.PatternLayoutEncoder">
    <pattern>%clientHost %l %user %date "%r" %statusCode %bytesSent</pattern>
  </encoder>
</appender>

另请参阅可用于 logback-access PatternLayout 的列表转换词.