python - 如何正确访问 pysnmp 陷阱中返回的 varBind

Question

我正在使用 python 2.7 并尝试使用 pysnmp 捕获 SNMP 陷阱。我正在使用 http://pysnmp.sourceforge.net/examples/current/v1arch/manager/ntfrcv/v2c-multiple-transports.html 中的示例.我在正确从 varBinds 获取键/值时遇到问题。示例代码似乎无法为此正常工作。
完整代码:

from pysnmp.carrier.asynsock.dispatch import AsynsockDispatcher
from pysnmp.carrier.asynsock.dgram import udp, udp6
from pyasn1.codec.ber import decoder
from pysnmp.proto import api

def cbFun(transportDispatcher, transportDomain, transportAddress, wholeMsg):
    while wholeMsg:
        msgVer = int(api.decodeMessageVersion(wholeMsg))
        if msgVer in api.protoModules:
            pMod = api.protoModules[msgVer]
        else:
            print('Unsupported SNMP version %s' % msgVer)
            return
        reqMsg, wholeMsg = decoder.decode(
            wholeMsg, asn1Spec=pMod.Message(),
            )
        print('Notification message from %s:%s: ' % (
            transportDomain, transportAddress
            )
        )
        reqPDU = pMod.apiMessage.getPDU(reqMsg)
        if reqPDU.isSameTypeWith(pMod.TrapPDU()):
            if msgVer == api.protoVersion1:
                j = pMod.apiTrapPDU.getEnterprise(reqPDU)
                print 'Enterprise: ({})'.format(str(j))

                print('Enterprise: %s' % (
                    pMod.apiTrapPDU.getEnterprise(reqPDU).prettyPrint()
                    )
                )
                print('Agent Address: %s' % (
                    pMod.apiTrapPDU.getAgentAddr(reqPDU).prettyPrint()
                    )
                )
                print('Generic Trap: %s' % (
                    pMod.apiTrapPDU.getGenericTrap(reqPDU).prettyPrint()
                    )
                )
                print('Specific Trap: %s' % (
                    pMod.apiTrapPDU.getSpecificTrap(reqPDU).prettyPrint()
                    )
                )
                print('Uptime: %s' % (
                    pMod.apiTrapPDU.getTimeStamp(reqPDU).prettyPrint()
                    )
                )
                varBinds = pMod.apiTrapPDU.getVarBindList(reqPDU)
            else:
                varBinds = pMod.apiPDU.getVarBindList(reqPDU)
            print("Var-binds List: ({})".format(str(varBinds)))

            print('Var-binds:')

            for oid, val in varBinds:
                #print('%s = %s' % (oid.prettyPrint(), val.prettyPrint()))
                print('  %s = %s' % (oid, val))


     return wholeMsg

transportDispatcher = AsynsockDispatcher()

transportDispatcher.registerRecvCbFun(cbFun)

# UDP/IPv4
# ip address changed for public posting
transportDispatcher.registerTransport(
    udp.domainName,     udp.UdpSocketTransport().openServerMode(('255.255.255.255', 162))
)

# UDP/IPv6
transportDispatcher.registerTransport(
udp6.domainName, udp6.Udp6SocketTransport().openServerMode(('::1', 162))
)

transportDispatcher.jobStarted(1)

try:
    # Dispatcher will never finish as job#1 never reaches zero
    transportDispatcher.runDispatcher()
except:
    transportDispatcher.closeDispatcher()
    raise

但是，当它运行代码时，我确实收到了陷阱

print('Var-binds:')
for oid, val in varBinds:
    print('%s = %s' % (oid.prettyPrint(), val.prettyPrint()))

我收到 AttributeError: 'str' object has not attribute 'prettyPrint'

打印 varBinds 我明白了:
(VarBindList().setComponents(VarBind().setComponents(ObjectName('1.3.6.1.2.1.1.3.0'), _BindValue().setComponents(ObjectSyntax().setComponents(None, ApplicationSyntax().setComponents(None,无，TimeTicks(86300650)))), VarBind().setComponents(ObjectName('1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.4.1.0'), _BindValue().setComponents(ObjectSyntax().setComponents(SimpleSyntax(). setComponents(None, None, ObjectIdentifier('1.3.6.1.4.1.1182.7386.1.1')))), VarBind().setComponents(ObjectName('1.3.6.1.4.1.1182.7386.1.1.1.0'), _BindValue( ).setComponents(ObjectSyntax().setComponents(SimpleSyntax().setComponents(None, OctetString(hexValue='76616c207573622d636f6e6e2d73746174757320300a'))))))
如果我将代码更改为

print('  %s = %s' % (oid, val))

我收到:

name =
name =
name =

如何正确获取 3 个名称和值？

Answer 1

您应该使用 .getVarBinds() 方法而不是 .getVarBindList()，如 the latest documentation 中所述.

或者，您可以通过请求 varBind 的 .items() 来获取名称-值对，例如varBinds.items().

另请注意，有一个 higher-level interface到通知接收器应用程序。