python - python中区分大小写的字符串匹配替换

Question

我对 python 很陌生，正在尝试做一些新的东西。我的字典中有两个列表。比方说，

List1:                              List2:
Anterior                            cord
cuneate nucleus                     Medulla oblongata
nucleus                             Spinal cord
Intermediolateral nucleus           Spinal 
                                    sksdsj
british                             7

我有一些文本行如下:

<s id="5239778-2">The name refers collectively to the cuneate nucleus and gracile nucleus, which are present at the junction between the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata.</s>
<s id="3691284-1">In the medulla oblongata, the arcuate nucleus is a group of neurons located on the anterior surface of the medullary pyramids.</s>
<s id="21120-99">Anterior horn cells, motoneurons located in the spinal.</s>
<s id="1053949-16">The Anterior cord syndrome results from injury to the anterior part of the spinal cord, causing weakness and loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury site but preservation of proprioception that is usually carried in the posterior part of the spinal cord.</s>
<s id="69-7">...Meanwhile is the studio 7 album by British pop band 10cc.</s>

我必须从 list1 和 list2 中返回那些属于字符串的行。所以，我尝试了以下代码:

result = ""
if list1 in line and list2 in line:
    i1 = re.sub('(?i)(\s+)(%s)(\s+)'%list1, '\\1<e1>\\2</e1>\\3', line)
    i2 = re.sub('(?i)(\s+)(%s)(\s+)'%list2, '\\1<e2>\\2</e2>\\3', i1)
    result = result + i2 + "\n"
    continue

但我得到以下结果:

<s id="5239778-2">The name refers collectively to the <e1>cuneate nucleus</e1> and gracile nucleus, which are present at the junction between the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata.</s>
<s id="3691284-1">In the medulla oblongata, the arcuate <e1>nucleus</e1> is a group of neurons located on the anterior surface of the medullary pyramids.</s>
<s id="21120-99">Anterior horn cells, motoneurons located in the spinal.</s>
<s id="1053949-16">The <e1>Anterior</e1> <e2>cord</e2> syndrome results from injury to the <e1>anterior</e1> part of the spinal cord, causing weakness and loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury site but preservation of proprioception that is usually carried in the posterior part of the spinal cord.</s>
<s id="69-7">...Meanwhile is the studio 7 album by British pop band 10cc.</s>

在这里，只有结果第4行，我从两个列表中得到了匹配的字符串，这就是我想要的。但是，我不想得到那些只匹配一个或没有字符串的行(例如，结果行- 1 和 3)。另外，如果匹配两个列表中的字符串，是否应该标记它们(例如结果行 2)。

任何形式的帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

基本上，您想在 <e1> 中放入一些单词<e2> 中的标签和其他单词标签。是这样吗？

如果是这样，那么就可以这样做:

#!/usr/bin/python

from __future__ import print_function
import re

text = '''\
<s id="5239778-2">The name refers collectively to the cuneate nucleus and gracile nucleus, which are present at the junction between the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata.</s>
<s id="3691284-1">In the medulla oblongata, the arcuate nucleus is a group of neurons located on the anterior surface of the medullary pyramids.</s>
<s id="21120-99">Anterior horn cells, motoneurons located in the spinal cord.</s>
<s id="1053949-16">The Anterior cord syndrome results from injury to the anterior part of the spinal cord, causing weakness and loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury site but preservation of proprioception that is usually carried in the posterior part of the spinal cord.</s>'''

list1 = ('Anterior', 'cuneate nucleus', 'Intermediolateral nucleus')
list2 = ('cord', 'Medulla oblongata', 'Spinal cord')

# put phrases in \b so that they match the whole words
re1 = re.compile("(%s)" % "|".join(r"\b%s\b" % i for i in list1), re.IGNORECASE)
re2 = re.compile("(%s)" % "|".join(r"\b%s\b" % i for i in list2), re.IGNORECASE)

for line in text.split("\n"):
    line = re1.sub(r"<e1>\1</e1>", line)
    line = re2.sub(r"<e2>\1</e2>", line)
    print(line)

输出:

<s id="5239778-2">The name refers collectively to the <e1>cuneate nucleus</e1> and gracile nucleus, which are present at the junction between the <e2>spinal cord</e2> and the <e2>medulla oblongata</e2>.</s>
<s id="3691284-1">In the <e2>medulla oblongata</e2>, the arcuate nucleus is a group of neurons located on the <e1>anterior</e1> surface of the medullary pyramids.</s>
<s id="21120-99"><e1>Anterior</e1> horn cells, motoneurons located in the <e2>spinal cord</e2>.</s>
<s id="1053949-16">The <e1>Anterior</e1> <e2>cord</e2> syndrome results from injury to the <e1>anterior</e1> part of the <e2>spinal cord</e2>, causing weakness and loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury site but preservation of proprioception that is usually carried in the posterior part of the <e2>spinal cord</e2>.</s>