python - Django:多对多关系的自定义保存方法

Question

我需要在多对多关系上设置自定义的保存和删除方法。
我试图用“through”属性指定一个模型，但这使我的代码过于复杂，并引入了一些问题。在多对多模型上，我不需要任何额外的字段，只需要自定义保存和删除方法。
是否可以在不指定“through”属性的情况下完成此任务？
代码如下：

class Order(BaseDate):
    #lots of fields
    relateds = models.ManyToManyField('RelatedProduct', verbose_name=_('related products'), blank=True, related_name='order_relateds', through='OrderRelateds')
    # more fields
    total = CurrencyField(verbose_name=_('total'))

    def calculate_total(self):
        cleanses = self.cleanse.taxed_price() * self.quantity
        delivery = DELIVERY_PRICE if self.delivery == 'delivery' else 0
        relateds = 0
        for r in self.relateds.all():
            relateds = relateds + float(r.taxed_price())
        total = float(cleanses) + delivery + relateds
        return total

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.total = '%.2f' % self.calculate_total()
        super(Order, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

class OrderRelateds(models.Model):
    order = models.ForeignKey(Order)
    relatedproduct = models.ForeignKey(RelatedProduct, verbose_name=_('related product'))

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = _('Related Product')
        verbose_name_plural = _('Products Related to this Order')

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.relatedproduct.__unicode__()

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(OrderRelateds, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
        self.order.save()

    def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(OrderRelateds, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
        self.order.save()

如果订单中添加或删除了任何相关产品（多对多商品），我需要触发重新计算订单总价。
编辑：这是解决我问题的代码

from django.db.models.signals import m2m_changed
from django.dispatch import receiver

@receiver(m2m_changed, sender=Order.relateds.through)
def recalculate_total(sender, instance, action, **kwargs):
    """
    Automatically recalculate total price of an order when a related product is added or removed
    """
    if action == 'post_add':
        instance.save()
    if action == 'post_remove' or action == 'post_clear':
        instance.save()

Answer 1

您可以在包含关系的模型上使用django的m2m_changed, pre_save/post_save, pre_delete/post_delete signals，并在那里执行相关逻辑。