maven - [Cucumber][JVM][Maven]测试不会通过 Maven 从命令行运行

Question

我正在使用 java、cucumber 和 Maven 运行测试。我正在使用 Eclipse IDE。 pom.xml 也有 cucumber 依赖性。我以两种方式运行测试。

1. 在 Eclipse IDE 中:我将测试作为 Junit 测试运行，测试结果成功。

2:来自命令提示符:我的测试失败，结果如下。

• 这是 Pom.xml:

  http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 4.0.0

  <groupId>CCIRA_Test_Auto</groupId>
  <artifactId>CCIRA_Test_Auto</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>
  <name>CCIRA_Test_Auto</name>
  
  <properties>
      <cucumber.version>1.2.0</cucumber.version>
      <picocontainer.version>2.15</picocontainer.version>
  </properties>
  
  <dependencies>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
          <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
          <version>${cucumber.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
          <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
          <version>4.3.5</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
          <artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>
          <version>${cucumber.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
          <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
          <version>${cucumber.version}</version>
      </dependency>
  
      <dependency>
          <groupId>com.codeborne</groupId>
          <artifactId>phantomjsdriver</artifactId>
          <version>1.2.1</version>
      </dependency>
  
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
          <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
          <version>2.44.0</version>
      </dependency>
  
      <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.11</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>log4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
          <version>1.2.17</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
          <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
          <version>3.9</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
          <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
          <version>3.11-beta3</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>xml-apis</groupId>
          <artifactId>xml-apis</artifactId>
          <version>2.0.2</version>
      </dependency>
  
      <dependency>
          <groupId>xerces</groupId>
          <artifactId>xercesImpl</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.0</version>
      </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  
  <build>
      <pluginManagement>
          <plugins>
  
              <plugin>
                  <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                  <configuration>
                      <source>1.7</source>
                      <target>1.7</target>
                  </configuration>
              </plugin>
          </plugins>
      </pluginManagement>
  </build>
  

• 我的 runner 测试:

  包 ccira.helpers;

      import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
  
  
  
  import org.testng.annotations.Test;
  
  import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
  import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;
  
  
  
  @RunWith(Cucumber.class)
  
  @CucumberOptions(
  
  features = "C:/Users/rah/Documents/workspace/CCIRA_auto/src/ressouces/features",
  
  tags = {"@Personne"},
  
  glue={"ccira.stepDefinitions"},
  
  plugin ={
  "pretty",
  "html:results/cucumber",
  "json:results/cucumber.json",
  "junit:results/cucumber.xml",
  }
          )
  
  
  public class RunnerTest {
  }
  

• 我的输出控制台:

SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".

SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation

SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further   details.

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]                                                                         
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building CCIRA_Test_Auto 0.0.1
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[WARNING] The artifact xml-apis:xml-apis:jar:2.0.2 has been relocated to xml-apis:xml-apis:jar:1.0.b2
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ CCIRA_Test_Auto ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\rah\Documents\workspace\CCIRA_Test_Auto\src\main\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:compile (default-compile) @ CCIRA_Test_Auto ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ CCIRA_Test_Auto ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\rah\Documents\workspace\CCIRA_Test_Auto\src\test\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ CCIRA_Test_Auto ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.10:test (default-test) @ CCIRA_Test_Auto ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: C:\Users\rah\Documents\workspace\CCIRA_Test_Auto\target\surefire-reports

-------------------------------------------------------
 T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------


Results :


Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [INFO] Total time: 10.051s
    [INFO] Finished at: Mon Dec 05 09:30:10 GMT 2016
    [INFO] Final Memory: 7M/62M
    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

Answer 1

依赖

org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder

未在您的 pom.xml 文件中定义。但是，它是在 Eclipse 项目的构建路径上定义的。在类路径上放置一个(且仅一个)slf4j-nop.jar、slf4j-simple.jar、slf4j-log4j12.jar、slf4j-jdk14.jar 或 logback-classic.jar 应该可以解决问题。

我会在你的 pom.xml 中添加一个依赖项，可能是这样的:

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-simple -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>

编辑

一个不太好但可行的替代方案是使用 Surefire 插件的 additionalClasspathElements元素“将自定义资源/JAR 添加到您的类路径。这将被视为绝对文件系统路径，因此您可能希望使用 ${basedir} 或其他与相对路径相结合的属性。请注意，其他类路径元素已添加到类路径的末尾，因此您不能使用它们来覆盖项目依赖项或资源。”

我说不太好，因为最好在 pom.xml 中作为依赖项进行跟踪，如果您将一个依赖项更新到更高版本，您可以看到其他也必须更新的依赖项。您可能会忽略 surefire 插件中指定的 jars。