Python将二进制文件转换为字符串同时忽略非ascii字符

Question

我有一个二进制文件，我想提取所有 ascii 字符，同时忽略非 ascii 字符。目前我有:

with open(filename, 'rb') as fobj:
   text = fobj.read().decode('utf-16-le')
   file = open("text.txt", "w")
   file.write("{}".format(text))
   file.close

但是，我在写入文件时遇到错误 UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xa0' in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)。我如何让 Python 忽略非 ascii？

Answer 1

使用内置的 ASCII 编解码器并告诉它忽略任何错误，例如:

with open(filename, 'rb') as fobj:
   text = fobj.read().decode('utf-16-le')
   file = open("text.txt", "w")
   file.write("{}".format(text.encode('ascii', 'ignore')))
   file.close()

---

您可以在 Python 解释器中测试和使用它:

>>> s = u'hello \u00a0 there'
>>> s
u'hello \xa0 there'

只是尝试转换为字符串会引发异常。

>>> str(s)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xa0' in position 6: ordinal not in range(128)

...就像尝试将该 unicode 字符串编码为 ASCII 一样:

>>> s.encode('ascii')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xa0' in position 6: ordinal not in range(128)

...但是告诉编解码器忽略它无法处理的字符没问题:

>>> s.encode('ascii', 'ignore')
'hello  there'