spring - 使用 junit 测试端点(POST 方法)

Question

您好，我目前正在使用 jUnit 测试 REST API 端点。我已经成功测试了所有 GET 方法端点，现在还剩下 POST 和 PUT 端点。

首先，这是我的测试代码。

public void testPostMethod(String url, String content) throws Exception {
    mockMvc.perform(post(url).contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(content)).andDo(print())
            .andExpect(status().isOk()).andExpect(content().contentType(contentType));
}

通过这个 testPostMethod，

@Test
public void edocument_status() throws Exception {
    Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
    map.put("locale", locale);
    map.put("empKey", empKey);
    map.put("applKey", applKey);
    map.put("apprStatCd", apprStatCd);
    map.put("returnReason", returnReason);

    String body = map.toString();
    testPostMethod("/edocument/status", body);
}

但是以下控制台消息发生错误。

2018-11-06 11:52:34,257  INFO [org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader::loadBeanDefinitions:317] Loading XML bean definitions from URL [file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml]
2018-11-06 11:52:34,768  INFO [org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext::prepareRefresh:510] Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@eafc191: startup date [Tue Nov 06 11:52:34 KST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
2018-11-06 11:52:35,101  INFO [org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker::postProcessAfterInitialization:309] Bean 'taskExecutor' of type [class org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2018-11-06 11:52:35,110  INFO [org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker::postProcessAfterInitialization:309] Bean 'customAsyncExecutor' of type [class com.pb.async.CustomAsyncExecutor] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2018-11-06 11:52:35,113  INFO [org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker::postProcessAfterInitialization:309] Bean 'exceptionHandler' of type [class com.pb.async.CustomAsyncExceptionHandler] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2018-11-06 11:52:35,437  INFO [org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader::loadBeanDefinitions:317] Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [org/springframework/jdbc/support/sql-error-codes.xml]
2018-11-06 11:52:37,490  INFO [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter::initControllerAdviceCache:517] Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.StubWebApplicationContext@3b718392
runtimeExceptionHandler :: org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException
org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException: Could not read JSON: Unexpected character ('a' (code 97)): was expecting double-quote to start field name
 at [Source: java.io.PushbackInputStream@5467eea4; line: 1, column: 3]; nested exception is com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParseException: Unexpected character ('a' (code 97)): was expecting double-quote to start field name
 at [Source: java.io.PushbackInputStream@5467eea4; line: 1, column: 3]
	at org.springframework.http.converter.json.AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter.readJavaType(AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter.java:208)
	at org.springframework.http.converter.json.AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter.read(AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter.java:200)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.AbstractMessageConverterMethodArgumentResolver.readWithMessageConverters(AbstractMessageConverterMethodArgumentResolver.java:146)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor.readWithMessageConverters(RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor.java:149)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor.resolveArgument(RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor.java:100)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.resolveArgument(HandlerMethodArgumentResolverComposite.java:77)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.getMethodArgumentValues(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:162)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:129)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:110)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandleMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:776)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:705)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:85)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:959)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:893)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:966)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:868)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:707)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:842)
	at org.springframework.test.web.servlet.TestDispatcherServlet.service(TestDispatcherServlet.java:65)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:790)
	at org.springframework.mock.web.MockFilterChain$ServletFilterProxy.doFilter(MockFilterChain.java:167)
	at org.springframework.mock.web.MockFilterChain.doFilter(MockFilterChain.java:134)
	at org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc.perform(MockMvc.java:144)
	at com.isu.ifm.HttpRequestTestMethod.testPostMethod(HttpRequestTestMethod.java:136)
	at com.isu.ifm.testcase.EDocumentControllerTest.edocument_status(EDocumentControllerTest.java:75)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:73)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:82)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:73)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:224)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:83)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:68)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:163)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:89)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:41)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:541)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:763)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:463)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:209)
Caused by: com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParseException: Unexpected character ('a' (code 97)): was expecting double-quote to start field name
 at [Source: java.io.PushbackInputStream@5467eea4; line: 1, column: 3]
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser._constructError(JsonParser.java:1487)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.core.base.ParserMinimalBase._reportError(ParserMinimalBase.java:518)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.core.base.ParserMinimalBase._reportUnexpectedChar(ParserMinimalBase.java:447)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.core.json.UTF8StreamJsonParser._handleOddName(UTF8StreamJsonParser.java:1919)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.core.json.UTF8StreamJsonParser._parseName(UTF8StreamJsonParser.java:1617)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.core.json.UTF8StreamJsonParser.nextToken(UTF8StreamJsonParser.java:700)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.std.MapDeserializer._readAndBindStringMap(MapDeserializer.java:461)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.std.MapDeserializer.deserialize(MapDeserializer.java:342)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.deser.std.MapDeserializer.deserialize(MapDeserializer.java:26)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper._readMapAndClose(ObjectMapper.java:3562)
	at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper.readValue(ObjectMapper.java:2662)
	at org.springframework.http.converter.json.AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter.readJavaType(AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter.java:205)
	... 54 more

MockHttpServletRequest:
         HTTP Method = POST
         Request URI = /edocument/status
          Parameters = {}
             Headers = {Content-Type=[application/json]}

             Handler:
                Type = com.isu.ifm.hr.control.EDocumentController
              Method = public com.pb.common.vo.ReturnParam com.isu.ifm.hr.control.EDocumentController.statusChange(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.String>) throws java.lang.Exception

               Async:
       Async started = false
        Async result = null

  Resolved Exception:
                Type = org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException

        ModelAndView:
           View name = jsonView
                View = null
           Attribute = status
               value = FAIL
           Attribute = message
               value = Could not read JSON: Unexpected character ('a' (code 97)): was expecting double-quote to start field name
 at [Source: java.io.PushbackInputStream@5467eea4; line: 1, column: 3]; nested exception is com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParseException: Unexpected character ('a' (code 97)): was expecting double-quote to start field name
 at [Source: java.io.PushbackInputStream@5467eea4; line: 1, column: 3]

            FlashMap:

MockHttpServletResponse:
              Status = 500
       Error message = null
             Headers = {}
        Content type = null
                Body = 
       Forwarded URL = jsonView
      Redirected URL = null
             Cookies = []
2018-11-06 11:52:37,728  INFO [org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext::doClose:862] Closing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@eafc191: startup date [Tue Nov 06 11:52:34 KST 2018]; root of context hierarchy

我认为它可能是 Map->String 部分缺少的东西。谁能告诉我这里出了什么问题？

Answer 1

我用下面修改过的代码解决了这个问题。

@Test
public void edocument_status() throws Exception {
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    String body ="";

    Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
    map.put("locale", locale);
    map.put("empKey", empKey);
    map.put("applKey", applKey);
    map.put("apprStatCd", apprStatCd);
    map.put("returnReason", returnReason);

    body=mapper.writeValueAsString(map);
    testPostMethod("/edocument/status", body);
}