java - Maven.surefire.util.SurefireReflectionException 在测试 Junit 测试时

Question

我正在运行一个批处理小 python 脚本，它通过运行所有 Junit 测试来自动对一堆 Java 程序进行评分。我获取导出的 eclipse 项目，解压缩它们，然后调用 maven 来运行测试。我没有更改原始 eclipse 项目的任何内容，测试在 eclipse 中运行良好。

这是我第一次实时使用 Maven。

作为引用，我在 Windows 10 上运行，我的路径都设置正确，我相信它们与 Eclipse 中发生的事情相匹配。

Apache Maven 3.3.9 (bb52d8502b132ec0a5a3f4c09453c07478323dc5; 2015-11-

10T11:41:47-05:00)
Maven home: C:\Program Files\Apache\apache-maven-3.3.9
Java version: 1.8.0_111, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_111\jre
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: Cp1252
OS name: "windows 10", version: "10.0", arch: "amd64", family: "dos"

我遇到了以下错误:

-------------------------------------------------------
 T E S T S
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org.apache.maven.surefire.util.SurefireReflectionException: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException; nested exception is java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException: null
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:115)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:75)
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: edu/brandeis/cs12b/PA7/PA7/target/test-classes/edu/brandeis/cs12b/PA7/KnowledgeBaseTest (wrong name: edu/brandeis/cs12b/PA7/KnowledgeBaseTest)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:763)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:467)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:73)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:368)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:362)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:361)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.DefaultScanResult.loadClass(DefaultScanResult.java:131)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.DefaultScanResult.applyFilter(DefaultScanResult.java:95)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.scanClassPath(JUnit4Provider.java:194)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:92)
    ... 9 more

Results :

Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

这是 POM 文件的副本:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>edu.brandeis.cs12b.pa7</groupId>
    <artifactId>PA7</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>PA7</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

Answer 1

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: edu/brandeis/cs12b/PA7/PA7/target/test-classes/edu/brandeis/cs12b/PA7/KnowledgeBaseTest (wrong name: edu/brandeis/cs12b/PA7/KnowledgeBaseTest)

很奇怪:你的项目中似乎有两次PA7包，但类的包中没有。
这可能是您的问题，因为 Maven 将 wrong name 称为错误。

此外，您应该避免在包中使用大写字母:edu/brandeis/cs12b/PA7。这与 Java 约定相反。