c# - 在测试中创建 UserManager 的实例

Question

我对模拟的概念很陌生，我在注入(inject)/模拟 UserManager<T> 方面遇到了困难。我的测试

我需要使用 await _userManager.CreateAsync(user, password);

我找到了这个

public static UserManager<TUser> TestUserManager<TUser>(IUserStore<TUser> store = null) where TUser : class
{
    store = store ?? new Mock<IUserStore<TUser>>().Object;
    var options = new Mock<IOptions<IdentityOptions>>();
    var idOptions = new IdentityOptions();
    idOptions.Lockout.AllowedForNewUsers = false;
    options.Setup(o => o.Value).Returns(idOptions);
    var userValidators = new List<IUserValidator<TUser>>();
    var validator = new Mock<IUserValidator<TUser>>();
    userValidators.Add(validator.Object);
    var pwdValidators = new List<PasswordValidator<TUser>>();
    pwdValidators.Add(new PasswordValidator<TUser>());
    var userManager = new UserManager<TUser>(store, options.Object, new PasswordHasher<TUser>(),
        userValidators, pwdValidators, new UpperInvariantLookupNormalizer(),
        new IdentityErrorDescriber(), null,
        new Mock<ILogger<UserManager<TUser>>>().Object);
    validator.Setup(v => v.ValidateAsync(userManager, It.IsAny<TUser>()))
        .Returns(Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Success)).Verifiable();

    return userManager;
}

但这会抛出

System.NotSupportedException : Store does not implement IUserPasswordStore.

我怎样才能创建一个有效的 UserManager<T>测试中的实例？

我正在使用 Xunit

Answer 1

首先修改你的方法，我读过一些不同的论文，人们说你不需要测试已经测试过的库和工具。但有时我们需要模拟 UserManager 来注入(inject)我们的服务并解决这些依赖关系。UserManager 可以模拟得非常简单，但是像这样的错误消息并没有得到很好的解释。我们必须首先模拟 UserStore 并将其交给 UserManager，要模拟 UserStore，您可以创建一个派生 IUserStore 的类 MockUserStore code> 和 IUserPasswordStore :

public class MockUserStore : IUserStore<TUser>, IUserPasswordStore<TUser>

这个模拟类必须实现 IUserPasswordStore 的一些方法，否则你会收到错误消息!

public Task SetPasswordHashAsync(TUser user, string passwordHash,
     CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
    user.PasswordHash = passwordHash;
    return Task.FromResult(0);
}

public Task<string> GetPasswordHashAsync(TUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
    return Task.FromResult<string>(user.PasswordHash);
}

public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(TUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
    return Task.FromResult<bool>(!String.IsNullOrEmpty(user.PasswordHash));
}

您还可以使用一个类来模拟 UserManager 并用模拟方法覆盖它的方法:

public class MockUserManager : UserManager<TUser>
{
    public MockUserManager(IUserStore<TUser> store, IOptions<IdentityOptions> optionsAccessor,
     IPasswordHasher<TUser> passwordHasher, IEnumerable<IUserValidator<TUser>> userValidators,
      IEnumerable<IPasswordValidator<TUser>> passwordValidators, ILookupNormalizer keyNormalizer,
       IdentityErrorDescriber errors, IServiceProvider services, ILogger<UserManager<TUser>> logger)
        : base(store, optionsAccessor, passwordHasher, userValidators, passwordValidators, keyNormalizer, errors, services, logger)
    {
    }

    public override Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(TUser user)
    {
        return Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Success);
    }
}

毕竟你可以通过传递模拟的 UserStore 来模拟 UserManager:

    var userStore = new MockUserStore();
    var userManager = new MockUserManager(userStore,
                        new Mock<IOptions<IdentityOptions>>().Object,
                        new Mock<IPasswordHasher<AppUser>>().Object,
                        new IUserValidator<TUser>[0],
                        new IPasswordValidator<TUser>[0],
                        new Mock<ILookupNormalizer>().Object,
                        new Mock<IdentityErrorDescriber>().Object,
                        new Mock<IServiceProvider>().Object,
                        new Mock<ILogger<UserManager<TUser>>>().Object);
    return userManager;