Python 2.7 CSV文件读/写\xef\xbb\xbf代码

Question

我有一个关于 Python 2.7 读/写 csv 文件的问题，代码为“utf-8-sig”，我的 csv。 header 是

['\xef\xbb\xbfID;timestamp;CustomerID;Email']

有一些代码("\xef\xbb\xbfID") 我从文件 A.csv 中读取，我想将相同的代码和 header 写入文件 B.csv

我的打印日志显示:

['\xef\xbb\xbfID;timestamp;CustomerID;Email']

但是实际输出的文件头是这样的

ÔªøID;timestamp

代码如下:

def remove_gdpr_info_from_csv(file_path, file_name, temp_folder, original_header):
    new_temp_folder = tempfile.mkdtemp()
    new_temp_file = new_temp_folder + "/" + file_name
    # Blanked new file
    with open(new_temp_file, 'wb') as outfile:
        writer = csv.writer(outfile, delimiter=";")
        print original_header
        writer.writerow(original_header)
        # File from SFTP
        with open(file_path, 'r') as infile:
            reader = csv.reader(infile, delimiter=";")
            first_row = next(reader)
            email = first_row.index('Email')
            contract_detractor1 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor (Q21)')
            contract_detractor2 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor (Q20)')
            contract_detractor3 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor (Q43)')
            contract_detractor4 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor(Q26)')
            contract_detractor5 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor(Q27)')
            contract_detractor6 = first_row.index('Contact Detractor(Q44)')
            indexes = []
            for column_name in header_list:
                ind = first_row.index(column_name)
                indexes.append(ind)

            for row in reader:
                output_row = []
                for ind in indexes:
                    data = row[ind]
                    if ind == email:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor1:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor2:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor3:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor4:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor5:
                        data = ''
                    elif ind == contract_detractor6:
                        data = ''
                    output_row.append(data)
                writer.writerow(output_row)
    s3core.upload_files(SPARKY_S3, DESTINATION_PATH, new_temp_file)
    shutil.rmtree(temp_folder)
    shutil.rmtree(new_temp_folder)

Answer 1

'\xef\xbb\xbf' 是 unicode ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE U+FEFF 的 UTF8 编码版本。它通常用作 unicode 文本文件开头的字节顺序标记:

• 当你有3个字节时:'\xef\xbb\xbf'，那么文件是utf8编码的
• 当你有 2 个字节时:'\xff\xfe'，那么文件是 utf16 little endian
• 当你有 2 个字节时:'\xfe\xff'，那么文件是 utf16 big endian

'utf-8-sig' 编码明确要求在文件开头写入此 BOM

要在 Python 2 中读取 csv 文件时自动处理它，您可以使用编解码器模块:

with open(file_path, 'r') as infile:
    reader = csv.reader(codecs.EncodedFile(infile, 'utf-8', 'utf-8-sig'), delimiter=";")

EncodedFile 将通过在 utf8-sig 中解码来包装原始文件对象，实际上跳过 BOM 并将其重新编码为 utf8没有 BOM。