python - 使用 Python 的随机维吉内尔密码

Question

开始前澄清:我知道有类似的主题，但没有任何内容真正提供任何直接帮助。另外:这是一个类(class)项目；所以我不想找任何人为我编写项目代码。提示和建议是我正在寻找的。 (我会为了这种事去找我的教授，但他懒得查看他的电子邮件。)

该程序旨在获取用户提供的种子，根据整数生成 key ，然后生成一个 95 x 95 矩阵，其中所有可打印的 ascii 字符都可用于加密/解密目的。 (键全是字母，并且大写)

关键:所有单元格都必须随机化。见下图: Randomized Vigenere Matrix

我将在下面发布我的代码(Python 当然不是我的强项，但我肯定会接受建设性的批评。):

import random

class Vigenere(object):

    def __init__(self, seed):
        random.seed(seed)
        #string containing all valid characters
        self.symbols= """!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\] ^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~"""
        self.eTable = [[0 for i in range(len(self.symbols))] for i in range(len(self.symbols))]
        self.dTable = [[0 for i in range(len(self.symbols))] for i in range(len(self.symbols))]
        self.keyWord = ""
        self.message = ""
        self.ciphertext = ""
        self.keywordFromSeed(seed)

    def setMessage(self,message):
        self.message = message

    #Generate psuedorandom keyword from seed
    def keywordFromSeed(self,seed):
        Letters = []

        while seed > 0:
            Letters.insert(0,chr((seed % 100) % 26 + 65))
            seed = seed // 100
        self.keyWord = "".join(Letters)
        self.buildVigenere()

    #Contructs a 95 x 95 matrix filled randomly
    def buildVigenere(self):
        n = len(self.symbols)

        #Build the vigenere matrix
        for i in range(n):
            temp = self.symbols

            for j in range(n):
                r = random.randrange(len(temp))
                self.eTable[i][j] = temp[r]

                #This line below does not fill entire matrix. Why?
                self.dTable[j][(ord(temp[r])-32)] = chr(i+32)

                temp = temp.replace(temp[r],'')

    def encrypt(self):
        for i in range(len(self.message)):
            mi = i
            ki = i % len(self.keyWord)
            self.ciphertext = self.ciphertext + self.eRetrieve(ki,mi)

    def decrypt(self):
        for i in range(len(self.message)):
            emi = i
            ki = i % len(self.keyWord)
            char = self.dRetrieve(ki,emi)
            self.ciphertext = self.ciphertext + char
        print(self.ciphertext)

    def eRetrieve(self,ki,mi):       
        row = ord(self.message[mi]) - 32
        col = ord(self.keyWord[ki]) - 32
        print(row, col)
        return self.eTable[row][col]

    def dRetrieve(self,ki,emi):
        n = len(self.symbols)
        whichRow = ord(self.keyWord[ki]) - 32
        whichCol = ord(self.message[emi]) - 32
        return(self.dTable[whichRow][whichCol])

为了以防万一，这是我的 main.py:

import argparse
import randomized_vigenere as rv

def main():

    #Parse parameters
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument("-m", "--mode", dest="mode", default = "encrypt", help="Encrypt or Decrypt")
    parser.add_argument("-i", "--inputfile", dest="inputFile", default = "inputFile.txt", help="Input Name")
    parser.add_argument("-o", "--outputfile", dest="outputFile", default = "outputFile.txt", help="Output Name")
    parser.add_argument("-s", "--seed", dest="seed", default =7487383487438734, help="Integer seed")
    args = parser.parse_args()

    #Set seed and generate keyword
    seed = args.seed

    #Construct Matrix

    f = open(args.inputFile,'r')
    message = f.read()
    Matrix = rv.Vigenere(seed)
    Matrix.setMessage(message)

    if(args.mode == 'encrypt'):
        Matrix.encrypt()

        Matrix.setMessage(Matrix.ciphertext)
        Matrix.decrypt()
    else:
        Matrix.decrypt()

    o = open(args.outputFile,'w')
    o.write(str(Matrix.ciphertext))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

我一直在使用默认种子:7487383487438734

我的明文:ABCdefXYZ

Answer 1

我要回答这个问题:

#This line below does not fill entire matrix. Why?

我认为这是您当前的问题。如果我没记错的话，这应该是你问题的第一行，而不是函数中的简单注释:

def buildVigenere(self):
    n = len(self.symbols)

    #Build the vigenere matrix
    for i in range(n):
        temp = self.symbols

        for j in range(n):
            r = random.randrange(len(temp))
            self.eTable[i][j] = temp[r]

            #This line below does not fill entire matrix. Why?
            self.dTable[j][(ord(temp[r])-32)] = chr(i+32)

            temp = temp.replace(temp[r],'')

我做的第一件事是构建一个像这样的小型独立示例:

import random

def buildVigenere():
    symbols= """!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\] ^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~"""

    n = len(symbols)
    eTable = [[0 for i in range(len(symbols))] for i in range(len(symbols))]
    dTable = [[0 for i in range(len(symbols))] for i in range(len(symbols))]

    #Build the vigenere matrix
    for i in range(n):
        temp = symbols

        for j in range(n):
            r = random.randrange(len(temp))
            eTable[i][j] = temp[r]
            print (r,  len(temp),  j,  len(symbols),  temp[r])
            #This line below does not fill entire matrix. Why?
            print (ord(temp[r])-32)
            dTable[j][(ord(temp[r])-32)] = chr(i+32)

            temp = temp.replace(temp[r],'')
    print dTable

buildVigenere()

如果你想在这里找到答案，你真的应该学会这样做，更普遍的是成为一名成功的程序员。找到问题所在，并能在简单的案例中重现，往往是关键。

这里我得到一个错误:

Exception "unhandled IndexError"
list assignment index out of range

我添加了一些打印语句(见上文)，我发现错误来自于 < > = 字符串中缺少 symbols。

为什么不使用 chr 来构建字符串 symbols ？

对于 buildVigenere ，您可以使用 ojit_代码