python - 安装 lxml : Error: open CFI at the end of file; missing . cfi_endproc 指令

Question

我一直在尝试安装 Python 库 lxml，但这是输出。在过去的半小时里，我一直在研究依赖关系，但我认为这不是问题所在。

我在具有 512 MB RAM 的 CentOS 6 上运行此脚本。这是来自 Digital Ocean 的新服务器，几乎没有任何运行。

下面是完整的错误日志。

# sudo pip install lxml
DEPRECATION: Python 2.6 is no longer supported by the Python core team, please upgrade your Python. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.6
Collecting lxml
  Using cached lxml-3.6.0.tar.gz
Installing collected packages: lxml
  Running setup.py install for lxml ... error
    Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-GiDliY/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-0UHULP-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
    Building lxml version 3.6.0.
    Building without Cython.
    Using build configuration of libxslt 1.1.26
    Building against libxml2/libxslt in the following directory: /usr/lib64
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    copying src/lxml/cssselect.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    copying src/lxml/pyclasslookup.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    copying src/lxml/doctestcompare.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    copying src/lxml/ElementInclude.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    copying src/lxml/_elementpath.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    copying src/lxml/usedoctest.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    copying src/lxml/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    copying src/lxml/builder.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    copying src/lxml/sax.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/_html5builder.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/defs.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/clean.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/_setmixin.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/formfill.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/soupparser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/usedoctest.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/ElementSoup.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/_diffcommand.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/builder.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/diff.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    copying src/lxml/html/html5parser.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/html
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron
    copying src/lxml/isoschematron/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron
    copying src/lxml/lxml.etree.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    copying src/lxml/lxml.etree_api.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml
    copying src/lxml/includes/relaxng.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/config.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/dtdvalid.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/xslt.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/etreepublic.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/c14n.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/uri.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/xpath.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/xmlschema.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/xmlerror.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/xinclude.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/schematron.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/xmlparser.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/htmlparser.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/tree.pxd -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/lxml-version.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    copying src/lxml/includes/etree_defs.h -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/includes
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/rng
    copying src/lxml/isoschematron/resources/rng/iso-schematron.rng -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/rng
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl
    copying src/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/XSD2Schtrn.xsl -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl
    copying src/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/RNG2Schtrn.xsl -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1
    copying src/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1/iso_svrl_for_xslt1.xsl -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1
    copying src/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1/iso_dsdl_include.xsl -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1
    copying src/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1/iso_abstract_expand.xsl -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1
    copying src/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1/iso_schematron_message.xsl -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1
    copying src/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1/iso_schematron_skeleton_for_xslt1.xsl -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1
    copying src/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1/readme.txt -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.6/lxml/isoschematron/resources/xsl/iso-schematron-xslt1
    running build_ext
    building 'lxml.etree' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/src
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/src/lxml
    gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -I/usr/include/libxml2 -Isrc/lxml/includes -I/usr/include/python2.6 -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.6/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o -w
    {standard input}: Assembler messages:
    {standard input}:26497: Warning: end of file not at end of a line; newline inserted
    {standard input}:26754: Error: no such instruction: `ca'
    {standard input}:26754: Error: open CFI at the end of file; missing .cfi_endproc directive
    gcc: Internal error: Killed (program cc1)
    Please submit a full bug report.
    See <http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla> for instructions.
    Compile failed: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    creating tmp
    cc -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/usr/include/libxml2 -c /tmp/xmlXPathInituswMfK.c -o tmp/xmlXPathInituswMfK.o
    cc tmp/xmlXPathInituswMfK.o -L/usr/lib64 -lxml2 -o a.out
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

    ----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-GiDliY/lxml/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-0UHULP-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-GiDliY/lxml/

Answer 1

基本上，汇编错误的出现是因为 gcc 的汇编输出在被杀死时被中断了。 Gentoo 论坛线程表明这可能是因为 gcc 使用了太多内存。您可以通过在 dmesg 输出的末尾检查 OOM 内容来确认这一 pip 。如果内存不是问题，那么您可能有一个真正的错误，应该按照您粘贴的文本中的说明将错误报告给 https://bugs.gentoo.org/。 .但是，请先尝试查看是否是内存问题。

如果内存有问题，请确保您的机器上有交换分区并且它们已启用。您可以通过运行 swapon -s 查看启用的交换分区的摘要。如果什么都没有出现并且你不能重新分区，你总是可以使用像

这样的技巧

# ( umask 0077 && \
    dd if=/dev/zero of=/.swap.img bs=1M count=1024 && \
    mkswap /.swap.img && \
    swapon /.swap.img )

(‘#’表示 root shell 提示符，所以实际上不要键入它)。论坛帖子还建议从 CFLAGS 和 CXXFLAGS 中删除 -pipe，这会导致 gcc 使用更多内存而不是写出大量临时文件(通过编辑/etc/make.conf 或/etc/portage/make.conf，无论哪个)存在)。我们无法从您发布的内容中判断出您的 CFLAGS 是什么。

参见 Gentoo GCC failed emerge