iphone - 内存泄漏 - Objective-C

Question

谁能帮忙指出内存泄漏？我在这个方法中遇到了很多问题，但我不确定如何修复它。

- (NSMutableArray *)getTop5AndOtherKeysAndValuesFromDictionary:(NSMutableDictionary *)dict {
    NSLog(@"get top 5");
    int sumOfAllValues = 0;

    NSMutableArray *arr = [[[NSMutableArray alloc] init] retain];

    for(NSString *key in dict){
        NSString *value = [[dict objectForKey:key] retain];
        [arr addObject:value];
        sumOfAllValues += [value intValue];
    }

    //sort values
    NSArray *sorted = [[arr sortedArrayUsingFunction:sort context:NULL] retain];

    [arr release];

    //top 5 values
    int sumOfTop5 = 0;
    NSMutableArray *top5 = [[[NSMutableArray alloc] init] retain];
    for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        int proposedIndex = [sorted count] - 1 - i;
        if(proposedIndex >= 0) {
            [top5 addObject:[sorted objectAtIndex:([sorted count] - i - 1)]];
            sumOfTop5 += [[sorted objectAtIndex:([sorted count] - i - 1)] intValue];
        }
    }

    [sorted release];

    //copy of all keys
    NSMutableArray *copyOfKeys = [[[NSMutableArray alloc] init] retain];
    for(NSString *key in dict) {
        [copyOfKeys addObject:key];
    }


    //copy of top 5 values
    NSMutableArray *copyOfTop5 = [[[NSMutableArray alloc] init] retain];
    for(int i = 0; i < [top5 count]; i++) {
        [copyOfTop5 addObject:[top5 objectAtIndex:i]];
    }


    //get keys with top 5 values
    NSMutableArray *outputKeys = [[[NSMutableArray alloc] init] retain];
    for(int i = 0; i < [top5 count]; i++) {
        NSString *targetValue = [top5 objectAtIndex:i];
        for(int j = 0; j < [copyOfKeys count]; j++) {
            NSString *key = [copyOfKeys objectAtIndex:j];
            NSString *val = [dict objectForKey:key];
            if([val isEqualToString:targetValue]) {
                [outputKeys addObject:key];
                [copyOfKeys removeObjectAtIndex:j];
                break;
            }
        }
    }


    [outputKeys addObject:@"Other"];
    [top5 addObject:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",(sumOfAllValues - sumOfTop5)] retain]];


    NSMutableArray *output = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    [output addObject:outputKeys];
    [output addObject:top5];

    NSMutableArray *percents = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    int sum = sumOfAllValues;
    float leftOverSum = sum * 1.0f;

    int count = [top5 count];
    float val1, val2, val3, val4, val5;
    if(count >= 1)
        val1 = ([[top5 objectAtIndex:0] intValue] * 1.0f)/sum;
    else
        val1 = 0.0f;

    if(count >=2)
        val2 = ([[top5 objectAtIndex:1] intValue] * 1.0f)/sum;
    else
        val2 = 0.0f;

    if(count >= 3)
        val3 = ([[top5 objectAtIndex:2] intValue] * 1.0f)/sum;
    else
        val3 = 0.0f;

    if(count >= 4)
        val4 = ([[top5 objectAtIndex:3] intValue] * 1.0f)/sum;
    else
        val4 = 0.0f;

    if(count >=5)
        val5 = ([[top5 objectAtIndex:4] intValue] * 1.0f)/sum;
    else
        val5 = 0.0f;


    if(val1 >= .00001f) {
        NSMutableArray *a1 = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
        [a1 addObject:[outputKeys objectAtIndex:0]];
        [a1 addObject:[top5 objectAtIndex:0]];
        [a1 addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.01f",(val1*100)]];
        [percents addObject:a1];
        leftOverSum -= ([[top5 objectAtIndex:0] intValue] * 1.0f);
    }
    if(val2 >= .00001f) {
        NSMutableArray *a2 = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
        [a2 addObject:[outputKeys objectAtIndex:1]];
        [a2 addObject:[top5 objectAtIndex:1]];
        [a2 addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.01f",(val2*100)]];
        [percents addObject:a2];        
        leftOverSum -= ([[top5 objectAtIndex:1] intValue] * 1.0f);
    }
    if(val3 >= .00001f) {
        NSMutableArray *a3 = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
        [a3 addObject:[outputKeys objectAtIndex:2]];
        [a3 addObject:[top5 objectAtIndex:2]];
        [a3 addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.01f",(val3*100)]];
        [percents addObject:a3];        
        leftOverSum -= ([[top5 objectAtIndex:2] intValue] * 1.0f);
    }
    if(val4 >= .00001f) {
        NSMutableArray *a4 = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
        [a4 addObject:[outputKeys objectAtIndex:3]];
        [a4 addObject:[top5 objectAtIndex:3]];
        [a4 addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.01f",(val4*100)]];
        [percents addObject:a4];        
        leftOverSum -= ([[top5 objectAtIndex:3] intValue] * 1.0f);
    }
    if(val5 >= .00001f) {
        NSMutableArray *a5 = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
        [a5 addObject:[outputKeys objectAtIndex:4]];
        [a5 addObject:[top5 objectAtIndex:4]];
        [a5 addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.01f",(val5*100)]];
        [percents addObject:a5];        
        leftOverSum -= ([[top5 objectAtIndex:4] intValue] * 1.0f);
    }

    float valOther = (leftOverSum/sum);
    if(valOther >= .00001f) {
        NSMutableArray *a6 = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
        [a6 addObject:[outputKeys objectAtIndex:5]];
        [a6 addObject:[top5 objectAtIndex:5]];
        [a6 addObject:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.01f",(valOther*100)]];
        [percents addObject:a6];    
    }

    [output addObject:percents];

    NSLog(@"mu - a");
    //[arr release];
    NSLog(@"mu - b");
    //[copyOfKeys release];
    NSLog(@"mu - c");
    //[copyOfTop5 release];
    NSLog(@"mu - c");
    //[outputKeys release];
    //[top5 release];
    //[percents release];

    return output;  
}

Answer 1

1.

NSMutableArray *arr = [[[NSMutableArray alloc] init] retain];

在 objective-c 的内存管理中只有几种方法可以显式递增 1，如 alloc、retain、copy、attain、new。如果你使用其中任何一个，你必须在未来发布。您对同一个变量“arr”使用了“alloc”和“retain”。

2.

NSString *value = [[dict objectForKey:key] retain];
[arr addObject:value];
sumOfAllValues += [value intValue];

你不需要在那里“保留”。同样，在您向数组“arr”添加值后，“arr”将在您释放“arr”时释放其所有元素。所以如果你想保持“保留”它，你必须在这个for循环的最后一行[value release]。

3.

NSArray *sorted = [[arr sortedArrayUsingFunction:sort context:NULL] retain];

同样，您不需要“保留”。如果你只写 [arr sortedArrayUsingFunction:sort context:NULL]，那么它会自动给出一个带有 autorelease 选项的对象。这样你以后就不用关心“发布”了。

您代码中的所有其他人都存在与前三个类似的问题。只要确定

<强>1。如果您使用了“alloc”、“retain”、“attain”、“copy”、“new”、“mutableCopy”等之一，则必须在将来发布。

<强>2。 NSArray 和 NSMutableArray 将在您释放它们时释放它们的元素。所以在你添加任何对象并且不需要通过该变量引用之后，最好在添加到数组后释放。其他收集器或容器以相同的方式工作。

<强>3。同样，如果您将任何 UIView 实例作为 subview 添加到 super View ，那么该 super View 将关心其 subview 的内存管理。也就是说，如果你释放superview，它的subviews也会自动释放。

编辑:

<强>4。 “保留”用于增加对象的内部计数器。通常，它在 setter 方法中用于将旧变量的所有权赋予新变量。因此，您在创建新实例时几乎从不使用“保留”。

如果我错了，请纠正我!