python - 如何在 Python WebDriver 中等待 CSS 和 XPath 选择器的组合？

Question

我希望尽可能保持我的选择器简单，并且只在绝对必要时才使用 XPath。因此，与其等待像 //*[@class='files']/tbody/tr[1]/th[text()='filename'] 这样的 XPath，不如等待我宁愿等待简单 CSS 选择器的组合 .files tbody tr:first-child和简单的 XPath th[text()='filename'] .

presence_of_element_located只需要一个定位器，所以 presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.files tbody tr:first-child'), (By.XPATH, 'th[text()='filename']'))出来了。

我也不能链接这些函数，所以 presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.files tbody tr:first-child')).presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, 'th[text()='filename']'))行不通。

Answer 1

您可以创建自定义方法:

def find_element_by_combo(self, ancestor_locator, descendant_locator, timeout=10, index=0):
    # Getting list of ancestors
    try:
        ancestors =  wait(self, timeout).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located(ancestor_locator))
    except:
        return None
    # Getting descendant
    for ancestor in ancestors:
        if ancestor.find_elements(*descendant_locator):
            return ancestor.find_elements(*descendant_locator)[index]

并按如下方式使用它

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait as wait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver import Chrome

Chrome.find_element_by_combo = find_element_by_combo

driver = Chrome()
driver.get(URL)
driver.find_element_by_combo(('css', '.files tbody tr:first-child'), ('xpath', './th[text()="filename"]'))

但是恕我直言，在复杂情况下最好只使用 XPath