python - hexdump 二进制文件的计数器

Question

我正在尝试生成恶意软件文件的 hexdump 的二元组，这将帮助我与基于二元组的不同恶意软件文件相关联，我正在尝试使用计数器、zip 和切片来获得结果，但却得到了一个错误。如果有人能帮助我，我会很高兴。

import binascii
import re
import collections
try:
    from itertools import izip as zip
except ImportError: # will be 3.x series
    pass
try:
    from itertools import islice as slice
except ImportError: # will be 3.x series
    pass
with open('path', 'rb') as f:
    for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(), b''):
        s=binascii.hexlify(chunk)
        print(collections.Counter(zip(s),slice(s,1,None)))

The result should be like:Counter({(4d5a):200,(5a76):120,(7635):1000...}) but instead i am getting this error:


---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-110-d99ed11a1260> in <module>
      3     for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(), b''):
      4         s=binascii.hexlify(chunk)
----> 5         print(collections.Counter(zip(s),slice(s,1,None)))
      6 

~\Anaconda3\lib\collections\__init__.py in __init__(*args, **kwds)
    562         self, *args = args
    563         if len(args) > 1:
--> 564             raise TypeError('expected at most 1 arguments, got %d' % len(args))
    565         super(Counter, self).__init__()
    566         self.update(*args, **kwds)

TypeError: expected at most 1 arguments, got 2

Answer 1

import binascii
import collections
import pathlib

malware = pathlib.Path().home().joinpath('Desktop').joinpath('Malware').joinpath('HWID_4_0_6YMBWX.exe')
malware.exists()

with open(malware, 'rb') as fh:
    data = fh.read()

def find_ngrams(data, n):
    s = binascii.hexlify(data).decode()
    return zip(*[s[i:] for i in range(n)])

x = find_ngrams(data, 2)

output = dict()
for ngram, count in collections.Counter(x).items():
    output[''.join(ngram)] = count
i = sorted(output.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)

print(i)

输出(截断):

[('00', 31198), ('ff', 14938), ('40', 11669), ('8b', 11537), ('06', 11360), ('20', 11340), ('08', 11144)......