Python 2.7 和 PyDev - matplotlib 和 NumPy 不工作

Question

我正在尝试使用 Python 2.7 和带有 PyDev 插件的 Eclipse 让 matplotlib 在 Windows 7(64 位)下工作。我从 http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/ 安装了 NumPy .

问题是当我在 Eclipse 中编写以下代码时:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure()

我收到以下错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\davedove\Documents\eclipseWorkspace\python.graphExample\example.py", line 1, in <module>
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\__init__.py", line 104, in <module>
    import os, re, shutil, subprocess, sys, warnings
  File "C:\Python27\lib\shutil.py", line 12, in <module>
    import collections
  File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib\collections.py", line 12, in <module>
    import numpy as np
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\__init__.py", line 147, in <module>
    import add_newdocs
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\add_newdocs.py", line 9, in <module>
    from numpy.lib import add_newdoc
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from type_check import *
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\type_check.py", line 8, in <module>
    import numpy.core.numeric as _nx
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    from numpy.testing import Tester
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\testing\__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from unittest import TestCase
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\__init__.py", line 58, in <module>
    from .result import TestResult
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\result.py", line 9, in <module>
    from . import util
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\util.py", line 2, in <module>
    from collections import namedtuple, OrderedDict
ImportError: cannot import name namedtuple

当我在 Eclipse 中编写以下代码时，也使用 NumPy:

import numpy

add(array([-1.2, 1.2]), array([1,3]))

我收到以下错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\davedove\Documents\eclipseWorkspace\python.graphExample\example.py", line 1, in <module>
    import numpy
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\__init__.py", line 147, in <module>
    import add_newdocs
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\add_newdocs.py", line 9, in <module>
    from numpy.lib import add_newdoc
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from type_check import *
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\type_check.py", line 8, in <module>
    import numpy.core.numeric as _nx
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\__init__.py", line 40, in <module>
    from numpy.testing import Tester
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\testing\__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from unittest import TestCase
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\__init__.py", line 58, in <module>
    from .result import TestResult
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\result.py", line 9, in <module>
    from . import util
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\util.py", line 2, in <module>
    from collections import namedtuple, OrderedDict
  File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib\collections.py", line 13, in <module>
    import numpy.ma as ma
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\ma\__init__.py", line 44, in <module>
    import core
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\numpy\ma\core.py", line 73, in <module>
    from numpy import ndarray, amax, amin, iscomplexobj, bool_
ImportError: cannot import name ndarray

在命令行中，NumPy 和 matplotlib 都运行良好，我从 preferences -> pydev -> interpreter python 添加了 matplotlib 和 NumPy。可能是什么问题呢？另外，我可以使用什么替代方法来使用 Python 创建图形？

Answer 1

适合我。很可能你已经将 matplotlib 和 numpy 目录添加到你的 PYTHONPATH，这样就导入了 matplotlib.collections 而不是 Python 标准库中的 collections 模块。尝试从 Eclipse > PyDev > Python 解释器设置中的 PYTHONPATH 中删除 matplotlib 和 numpy 目录。