python - 安装pyQt4时找不到sip.h

Question

我正在尝试在我的 ubuntu 13.04 Linux 虚拟机中安装 PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11，configure-ng.py 运行良好，但是在使用 make 时，它​​会提示以下错误消息，**

root@ubuntu:/home/yanwang/Downloads/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11# make
cd QtCore/ && make -f Makefile 
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/yanwang/Downloads/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11/QtCore'
g++ -c -m64 -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -fPIC -DSIP_PROTECTED_IS_PUBLIC -Dprotected=public -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_PLUGIN -DQT_CORE_LIB -DQT_SHARED -I/usr/share/qt4/mkspecs/linux-g++-64 -I. -I/usr/include/qt4/QtCore -I/usr/include/qt4 -I. -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -I../qpy/QtCore -I. -o sipQtCoreQTimer.o sipQtCoreQTimer.cpp
In file included from sipQtCoreQTimer.cpp:29:0:
sipAPIQtCore.h:33:17: fatal error: sip.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make[1]: *** [sipQtCoreQTimer.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/yanwang/Downloads/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11/QtCore'
make: *** [sub-QtCore-make_default-ordered] Error 2
root@ubuntu:/home/yanwang/Downloads/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11# 

SIP 文件安装在以下目录下:

/home/iriswang/Downloads/sip-4.16.1

当 PyQt 文件在目录下时:

/home/iriswang/Downloads/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11

我已经设置了环境变量，以便它包含 sip 目录:

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/home/iriswang/Downloads/sip-4.16.1:/home/iriswang/Qt5.3.1/5.3/gcc_64/bin

但是，看起来它仍然找不到 sip.h 文件。知道我能做什么吗？顺便说一句，我已经安装了 python-dev 包，所以不应该是因为那个。并且查看了sip是否安装成功，貌似也没问题:**

root@ubuntu:/home/iriswang/Downloads# sip -h
Usage:

    sip [-h] [-V] [-a file] [-b file] [-B tag] [-c dir] [-d file] [-e] [-g] [-I dir] [-j #] [-k] [-m file] [-o] [-p module] [-P] [-r] [-s suffix] [-t tag] [-T] [-w] [-x feature] [-X id:file] [-z file] [file]
where:
    -h          display this help message
    -V          display the sip version number
    -a file     the name of the QScintilla API file [default not generated]
    -b file     the name of the build file [default none generated]
    -B tag      add tag to the list of timeline backstops
    -c dir      the name of the code directory [default not generated]
    -d file     the name of the documentation file (deprecated) [default not generated]
    -e          enable support for exceptions [default disabled]
    -g          always release and reacquire the GIL [default only when specified]
    -I dir      look in this directory when including files
    -j #        split the generated code into # files [defaul
...

非常感谢!**

Answer 1

这似乎是为 Ubuntu 安装 PyQt 时的常见问题。我的研究显示了两种可能的解决方案来解决这个问题。

(1) 您需要更新 Makefile 中的 Python header ，以确保链接到 /usr/include/python2.7 而不是 /usr/local/include/python2.7. 请参阅此链接以获取简单修复:

Fatal error while compiling PyQt5: Python.h does not exist

(2) 可以安装PyQt4.10代替PyQt4.11。其他在线用户报告 PyQt4.11 无法正确安装。请在此处查看此链接以获取更多信息:

http://iqbalnaved.wordpress.com/2014/05/31/installing-pyqt4-for-python-2-7-6-in-virtual-environement-in-ubuntu-14-04/

我会推荐 #1，因为您应该使用最新版本的 PyQt。请务必进行一些额外的研究，因为我相信您的问题并非独一无二。