python - 错误 : nodename nor servname provided, 或未知(python 套接字)

Question

我正在尝试通过本教程学习如何使用套接字:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/python/python_networking.htm
我已将网站上的代码复制到我的目录中，并完全按照教程中的方式运行它，但出现了错误。这是教程中的代码。

#!/usr/bin/python           # This is server.py file

import socket               # Import socket module

s = socket.socket()         # Create a socket object
host = 'localhost' # Get local machine name
port = 12345                # Reserve a port for your service.
s.bind((host, port))        # Bind to the port

s.listen(5)                 # Now wait for client connection.
while True:
    c, addr = s.accept()     # Establish connection with client.
    print("asdf")
    c.send('Thank you for connecting')
    c.close()                # Close the connection

和client.py

#!/usr/bin/python           # This is client.py file

import socket               # Import socket module

s = socket.socket()         # Create a socket object
host = socket.gethostname() # Get local machine name
port = 12345                # Reserve a port for your service.

s.connect((host, port))
print s.recv(1024)
s.close                     # Close the socket when done

这些是我运行的控制台命令:

python server.py &
python client.py

运行命令后出现以下错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "client.py", line 9, in <module>
    s.connect((host, port))
  File     "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/soc    ket.py", line 228, in meth
return getattr(self._sock,name)(*args)
socket.gaierror: [Errno 8] nodename nor servname provided, or not known

如果这有帮助，我使用的 python 版本是 Python 2.7.10，我使用的 mac 版本是 10.12.6

提前致谢

Answer 1

来自 socket.gethostname 的文档:

Return a string containing the hostname of the machine where the Python interpreter is currently executing.

Note: gethostname() doesn’t always return the fully qualified domain name; use getfqdn() for that.

主机 IP 与主机名不同。您有几个选择:

1. 您可以手动将 host 分配给 0.0.0.0 或 localhost

2. 也可以查询socket.gethostbyname :

   host = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname()) # or socket.getfqdn() if the former doesn't work