javascript - 如何在对象内部创建方法

Question

我的家庭作业需要帮助。我不知道如何在对象内部创建一个像他想要的方法:

create a monkey object, which has the following properties: name, species, foodsEaten.

And the following methods:

eatSomething(thingAsString)

introduce: producers a string introducing itself, including its name, species, and what it's eaten.

-Create 3 monkeys total. Make sure all 3 monkeys have all properties set and methods defined.

我已经创建了猴子对象及其属性:

function Monkey(name, species, foodsEaten) {
    this.name = name;
    this.species = species;
    this.foodsEaten = foodsEaten;
}

let monkey01 = new Monkey(chimp, chimpanzee, honey);
let monkey02 = new Monkey(gibb, gibbon, apple);
let monkey03 = new Monkey(babo, babbon, banana);

Answer 1

通常执行此操作的方法是在 Monkey 原型(prototype)上添加一个函数。这将允许所有实例共享相同的功能。在函数中，您可以使用 this 引用实例(假设您从实例调用它，例如 monkey01.eatsomething())。

这里我们将 foodsEaten 设为一个数组，以便您可以跟踪多个数组。然后该方法只是插入 this.foodsEaten:

function Monkey(name, species, foodsEaten) {
  this.name = name;
  this.species = species;
  this.foodsEaten = [...foodsEaten];  // make a copy so you don't mutate the passed in array.

}

Monkey.prototype.eatsomething = function(foodString) {
  this.foodsEaten.push(foodString)
}

let monkey01 = new Monkey('chimp', 'chimpanzee', ['honey']);

monkey01.eatsomething("bananna")

// now it's eatne more food
console.log(monkey01.foodsEaten)

对于其他方法，只需做更多相同的事情即可。