python - configparser 在 Python 3.4 中不工作，NoSectionError 但在 PyCharm 中工作正常

Question

我在 PyCharm 4.5 中处理 Python 3.4 脚本。 ( repo :https://github.com/Djidiouf/bbot)在其中，我使用 import configparser 毫无问题地检索了 config.cfg 中的一些值:

config = configparser.RawConfigParser()
config.read('config.cfg')
server = config.get('bot_configuration', 'server')
channel = config.get('bot_configuration', 'channel')
botnick = config.get('bot_configuration', 'botnick')
port = config.getint('bot_configuration', 'port')

现在，我想将它部署在 Debian 8.1 服务器上。在那台服务器上，我同时安装了 Python 2.7 和 Python 3.4 版本。

但是当我在机器上运行脚本时，我遇到了以下问题:

djidiouf@linuxserver:/home/djidiouf# /usr/bin/python3.4 /home/djidiouf/bbot/bbot.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.4/configparser.py", line 1116, in _unify_values
    sectiondict = self._sections[section]
KeyError: 'bot_configuration'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/djidiouf/bbot/bbot.py", line 25, in <module>
    import modules.steam  # Contains specific Steam-Valve related functions
File "/home/djidiouf/bbot/modules/steam.py", line 13, in <module>
    import modules.connection
File "/home/djidiouf/bbot/modules/connection.py", line 37, in <module>
    server = config.get('bot_configuration', 'server')
File "/usr/lib/python3.4/configparser.py", line 754, in get
    d = self._unify_values(section, vars)
File "/usr/lib/python3.4/configparser.py", line 1119, in _unify_values
    raise NoSectionError(section)
configparser.NoSectionError: No section: 'bot_configuration'

我在 Internet 上对此进行了大量研究，但没有发现任何有值(value)的东西。有些人提到了一个损坏的 config.cfg 文件，但我的是一个 LF EOL 文件，带有 UTF8，根据需要没有 BOM。我还在机器上用 vi 重新创建了它。

我还尝试使用 pip 安装 configparser(即使，如果我理解得很好，它现在内置在 Python 3 中):pip3 install configparser 但是当我这样做时，我有以下错误:

djidiouf@linuxserver:/home/djidiouf# sudo pip3 install -v configparser
[sudo] password for djidiouf:
Downloading/unpacking configparser
Ignoring link https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/c/configparser/configparser-3.5.0b1.tar.gz#md5=d60ca2c714acb4adaf5818c6a1ffd78b (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/configparser/), version 3.5.0b1 is a pre-release (use --pre to allow).
Ignoring link https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/c/configparser/configparser-3.5.0b2.tar.gz#md5=ad2a71db8bd9a017ed4735eac7acfa07 (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/configparser/), version 3.5.0b2 is a pre-release (use --pre to allow).
Using version 3.3.0r2 (newest of versions: 3.3.0r2, 3.3.0r1, 3.2.0r3, 3.2.0r2, 3.2.0r1)
Downloading configparser-3.3.0r2.tar.gz
Downloading from URL https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/c/configparser/configparser-3.3.0r2.tar.gz#md5=dda0e6a43e9d8767b36d10f1e6770f09 (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/configparser/)
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip-build-v7av3db7/configparser/setup.py) egg_info for package configparser
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "<string>", line 3, in <module>
    File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
        import distutils.core
    File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 18, in <module>
        from distutils.config import PyPIRCCommand
    File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/config.py", line 7, in <module>
        from configparser import ConfigParser
    File "/tmp/pip-build-v7av3db7/configparser/configparser.py", line 397
        _KEYCRE = re.compile(ur"%\(([^)]+)\)s")
                                            ^
    SyntaxError: invalid syntax
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    Traceback (most recent call last):

File "<string>", line 3, in <module>

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>

    import distutils.core

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 18, in <module>

    from distutils.config import PyPIRCCommand

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/config.py", line 7, in <module>

    from configparser import ConfigParser

File "/tmp/pip-build-v7av3db7/configparser/configparser.py", line 397

    _KEYCRE = re.compile(ur"%\(([^)]+)\)s")

                                        ^

SyntaxError: invalid syntax

----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-v7av3db7/configparser
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 290, in run
    requirement_set.prepare_files(finder, force_root_egg_info=self.bundle, bundle=self.bundle)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 1230, in prepare_files
    req_to_install.run_egg_info()
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 326, in run_egg_info
    command_desc='python setup.py egg_info')
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/util.py", line 716, in call_subprocess
    % (command_desc, proc.returncode, cwd))
pip.exceptions.InstallationError: Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-v7av3db7/configparser

Storing debug log for failure in /root/.pip/pip.log

这是一个配置示例，我只是更改了值并将文件相应地重命名为 config.cfg :

[bot_configuration]
server = your.irc.server.com
channel = ##your_channel
botnick = bbot
port = 6667
admins = You,Him

https://github.com/Djidiouf/bbot/blob/master/config_example.cfg

最后，我只想说一切都在 PyCharm 4.5 上运行，我刚刚做了一个 git clone，重命名 config_example.cfg，更改值，尝试用 Python 3.4 运行脚本.

Answer 1

安装错误来自 _KEYCRE = re.compile(ur"%\(([^)]+)\)s")，这会导致语法错误，因为 python3 不支持 ur 前缀，pip 正在尝试安装 python2 包。

您的第一个错误是 keyError 'bot_configuration' 这不是因为没有安装 configparser，configparser 是标准库的一部分。

bot_configuration KeyError 是因为 python 找不到你的配置文件，如果你在 pycharm 中使用 config.read('foobar') 你将看到完全相同的输出