javascript - 如何用 HTML 解析 XML 的示例代码？

Question

所以我对 XML 和 HTML 还很陌生，我一直在 w3schools.com 上查找指南。下面是与一个这样的例子相关的两个文件，它是关于解析代码的。我想我有点理解代码的工作原理，并且它与他们的在线“自己尝试”一起工作得很好。我的问题是下载文件后我无法让它工作。也许我没有正确设置目录，或者我可能完全遗漏了一些东西。

XML代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<CATALOG>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Empire Burlesque</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Bob Dylan</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Columbia</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1985</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Hide your heart</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Bonnie Tyler</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>CBS Records</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1988</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Greatest Hits</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Dolly Parton</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>RCA</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1982</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Still got the blues</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Gary Moore</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Virgin records</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>10.20</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1990</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Eros</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Eros Ramazzotti</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>BMG</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1997</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>One night only</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Bee Gees</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1998</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Sylvias Mother</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Dr.Hook</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>CBS</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>8.10</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1973</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Maggie May</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Rod Stewart</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Pickwick</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>8.50</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1990</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Romanza</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Andrea Bocelli</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>10.80</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1996</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>When a man loves a woman</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Percy Sledge</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Atlantic</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>8.70</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Black angel</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Savage Rose</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Mega</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1995</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>1999 Grammy Nominees</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Many</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Grammy</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>10.20</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1999</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>For the good times</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Kenny Rogers</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Mucik Master</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>8.70</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1995</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Big Willie style</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Will Smith</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Columbia</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1997</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Tupelo Honey</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Van Morrison</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Polydor</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>8.20</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1971</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Soulsville</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Jorn Hoel</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>Norway</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>WEA</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>7.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1996</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>The very best of</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Cat Stevens</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Island</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1990</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Stop</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Sam Brown</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>A and M</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1988</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Bridge of Spies</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>T'Pau</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Siren</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>7.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Private Dancer</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Tina Turner</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Capitol</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>8.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1983</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Midt om natten</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Kim Larsen</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Medley</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>7.80</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1983</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Pavarotti Gala Concert</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Luciano Pavarotti</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>DECCA</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1991</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>The dock of the bay</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Otis Redding</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Atlantic</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>7.90</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Picture book</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Simply Red</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>EU</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>Elektra</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>7.20</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1985</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Red</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>The Communards</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>London</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>7.80</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
	</CD>
	<CD>
		<TITLE>Unchain my heart</TITLE>
		<ARTIST>Joe Cocker</ARTIST>
		<COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
		<COMPANY>EMI</COMPANY>
		<PRICE>8.20</PRICE>
		<YEAR>1987</YEAR>
	</CD>
</CATALOG>

(保存为 cd_catalog.xml)

HTML 表格代码:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge">
    <style>
        table, th, td {
            border: 1px solid black;
            border-collapse: collapse;
        }

        th, td {
            padding: 10px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>

    <script>
        if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari
            xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
        }
        else {// code for IE6, IE5
            xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
        }
        xmlhttp.open("GET", "cd_catalog.xml", false);
        xmlhttp.send();
        xmlDoc = xmlhttp.responseXML;

        document.write("<table><tr><th>Artist</th><th>Title</th></tr>");
        var x = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("CD");
        for (i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
            document.write("<tr><td>");
            document.write(x[i].getElementsByTagName("ARTIST")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue);
            document.write("</td><td>");
            document.write(x[i].getElementsByTagName("TITLE")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue);
            document.write("</td></tr>");
        }
        document.write("</table>");
    </script>

</body>
</html>

(保存为 display_table.html)

如果我遗漏了什么，请告诉我，我已经尝试自己研究了好几天。

Answer 1

您需要使用 `onreadystatechange' 事件:

xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = function () {
    if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4) {
       xmlDoc = xmlhttp.responseXML;

    document.write("<table><tr><th>Artist</th><th>Title</th></tr>");
    var x = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("CD");
    for (i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
        document.write("<tr><td>");
        document.write(x[i].getElementsByTagName("ARTIST")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue);
        document.write("</td><td>");
        document.write(x[i].getElementsByTagName("TITLE")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue);
        document.write("</td></tr>");
    }
    document.write("</table>");

    }
};

如果您不等待此事件和此状态，xmlhttp.responseXML 将为空。