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c++ - 将缓冲区写入设备时发生 OpenCL 访问冲突

转载 作者:行者123 更新时间:2023-11-28 06:36:34 25 4
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我在 OpenCL 中有一个项目。它是 GPU 上的矩阵分解。一切正常,结果也不错。我唯一看到的是,当我连续多次执行程序(大约每秒一次)时,将初始缓冲区写入设备时出现访问冲突。

它总是在写入缓冲区时卡住。我是 OpenCL 的新手,我想知道退出程序时是否必须清除 GPU 中的内存?有时它会在第一次运行时崩溃,但在尝试 2 或 3 次后会成功。话又说回来,有时是立即成功,以及随后的运行。这很随机。失败的实际缓冲区写入也时常不同。有时是第三次缓冲区写入失败,有时是第四次。

我运行这个程序的参数是一个工作组大小为 7 和一个 70*70 元素的矩阵。起初我认为可能是我的矩阵对于 GPU(2GB 的 GT650M)来说太大了,但有时使用 ox 10.000 个元素的矩阵运行也会成功。

缓冲区写入之前的代码如下。

非常感谢任何帮助。

Ps:为了清楚起见,PRECISION 是一个宏#define PRECISION float

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// INITIALIZATION PART ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
try {
if (argc != 5) {
std::ostringstream oss;
oss << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " <kernel_file> <kernel_name> <workgroup_size> <array width>";
throw std::runtime_error(oss.str());
}
// Read in arguments.
std::string kernel_file(argv[1]);
std::string kernel_name(argv[2]);
unsigned int workgroup_size = atoi(argv[3]);
unsigned int array_dimension = atoi(argv[4]);
int total_matrix_length = array_dimension * array_dimension;

int total_workgroups = total_matrix_length / workgroup_size;
total_workgroups += total_matrix_length % workgroup_size == 0 ? 0 : 1;

// Print parameters
std::cout << "Workgroup size: " << workgroup_size << std::endl;
std::cout << "Total workgroups: " << total_workgroups << std::endl;
std::cout << "Array dimension: " << array_dimension << " x " << array_dimension << std::endl;
std::cout << "Total elements: " << total_matrix_length << std::endl;


// OpenCL initialization
std::vector<cl::Platform> platforms;
std::vector<cl::Device> devices;
cl::Platform::get(&platforms);
platforms[0].getDevices(CL_DEVICE_TYPE_GPU, &devices);
cl::Context context(devices);
cl::CommandQueue queue(context, devices[0], CL_QUEUE_PROFILING_ENABLE);

// Load the kernel source.
std::string file_text;
std::ifstream file_stream(kernel_file.c_str());
if (!file_stream) {
std::ostringstream oss;
oss << "There is no file called " << kernel_file;
throw std::runtime_error(oss.str());
}
file_text.assign(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(file_stream), std::istreambuf_iterator<char>());

// Compile the kernel source.
std::string source_code = file_text;
std::pair<const char *, size_t> source(source_code.c_str(), source_code.size());
cl::Program::Sources sources;
sources.push_back(source);
cl::Program program(context, sources);
try {
program.build(devices);
}
catch (cl::Error& e) {
getchar();
std::string msg;
program.getBuildInfo<std::string>(devices[0], CL_PROGRAM_BUILD_LOG, &msg);
std::cerr << "Your kernel failed to compile" << std::endl;
std::cerr << "-----------------------------" << std::endl;
std::cerr << msg;
throw(e);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// CREATE RANDOM INPUT DATA //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Create matrix to work on.
// Create a random array.
int matrix_width = sqrt(total_matrix_length);
PRECISION* random_matrix = new PRECISION[total_matrix_length];
random_matrix = randommatrix(total_matrix_length);
PRECISION* A = new PRECISION[total_matrix_length];

for (int i = 0; i < total_matrix_length; i++)
A[i] = random_matrix[i];

PRECISION* L_SEQ = new PRECISION[total_matrix_length];
PRECISION* U_SEQ = new PRECISION[total_matrix_length];
PRECISION* P_SEQ = new PRECISION[total_matrix_length];

// Do the sequential algorithm.
decompose(A, L_SEQ, U_SEQ, P_SEQ, matrix_width);
float* PA = multiply(P_SEQ, A, total_matrix_length);
float* LU = multiply(L_SEQ, U_SEQ, total_matrix_length);
std::cout << "PA = LU?" << std::endl;
bool eq = equalMatrices(PA, LU, total_matrix_length);
std::cout << eq << std::endl;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//// RUN AND SETUP KERNELS /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Initialize arrays for GPU.
PRECISION* L_PAR = new PRECISION[total_matrix_length];
PRECISION* U_PAR = new PRECISION[total_matrix_length];
PRECISION* P_PAR = new PRECISION[total_matrix_length];

PRECISION* ROW_IDX = new PRECISION[matrix_width];
PRECISION* ROW_VAL = new PRECISION[matrix_width];
// Write A to U and initialize P.
for (int i = 0; i < total_matrix_length; i++)
U_PAR[i] = A[i];
// Initialize P_PAR.
for (int row = 0; row < matrix_width; row++)
{
for (int i = 0; i < matrix_width; i++)
IDX(P_PAR, row, i) = 0;
IDX(P_PAR, row, row) = 1;
}
// Allocate memory on the device
cl::Buffer P_BUFF(context, CL_MEM_READ_WRITE, total_matrix_length*sizeof(PRECISION));
cl::Buffer L_BUFF(context, CL_MEM_READ_WRITE, total_matrix_length*sizeof(PRECISION));
cl::Buffer U_BUFF(context, CL_MEM_READ_WRITE, total_matrix_length*sizeof(PRECISION));
// Buffer to determine maximum row value.
cl::Buffer MAX_ROW_IDX_BUFF(context, CL_MEM_READ_WRITE, total_workgroups*sizeof(PRECISION));
cl::Buffer MAX_ROW_VAL_BUFF(context, CL_MEM_READ_WRITE, total_workgroups*sizeof(PRECISION));

// Create the actual kernels.
cl::Kernel kernel(program, kernel_name.c_str());

std::string max_row_kernel_name = "max_row";
cl::Kernel max_row(program, max_row_kernel_name.c_str());
std::string swap_row_kernel_name = "swap_row";
cl::Kernel swap_row(program, swap_row_kernel_name.c_str());

// transfer source data from the host to the device
std::cout << "Writing buffers" << std::endl;
queue.enqueueWriteBuffer(P_BUFF, CL_TRUE, 0, total_matrix_length*sizeof(PRECISION), P_PAR);
queue.enqueueWriteBuffer(L_BUFF, CL_TRUE, 0, total_matrix_length*sizeof(PRECISION), L_PAR);
queue.enqueueWriteBuffer(U_BUFF, CL_TRUE, 0, total_matrix_length*sizeof(PRECISION), U_PAR);

queue.enqueueWriteBuffer(MAX_ROW_IDX_BUFF, CL_TRUE, 0, total_workgroups*sizeof(PRECISION), ROW_IDX);
queue.enqueueWriteBuffer(MAX_ROW_VAL_BUFF, CL_TRUE, 0, total_workgroups*sizeof(PRECISION), ROW_VAL);

当我连接到调试器时,我得到的完整错误如下:

Unhandled exception at 0x55903CC0 (nvopencl.dll) in Project.exe:
0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0x0068F004.

If there is a handler for this exception, the program may be safely continued.

调试器向我显示的函数如下,在命名空间 cl 中:

cl_int enqueueWriteBuffer(
const Buffer& buffer,
cl_bool blocking,
::size_t offset,
::size_t size,
const void* ptr,
const VECTOR_CLASS<Event>* events = NULL,
Event* event = NULL) const
{
return detail::errHandler(
::clEnqueueWriteBuffer(
object_, buffer(), blocking, offset, size,
ptr,
(events != NULL) ? (cl_uint) events->size() : 0,
(events != NULL && events->size() > 0) ? (cl_event*) &events->front() : NULL,
(cl_event*) event),
__ENQUEUE_WRITE_BUFFER_ERR);

编辑:完整来源 here .

最佳答案

看看这些行:

PRECISION* ROW_IDX = new PRECISION[matrix_width];
...
cl::Buffer MAX_ROW_IDX_BUFF(context, CL_MEM_READ_WRITE, total_workgroups*sizeof(PRECISION));
...
queue.enqueueWriteBuffer(MAX_ROW_IDX_BUFF, CL_TRUE, 0, total_workgroups*sizeof(PRECISION), ROW_IDX);

因此,您尝试将 total_workgroups 元素写入缓冲区,但您的源数组只分配了 matrix_width 元素。对于您提到的输入参数(工作组大小为 7 的 70x70 数组),这将尝试从 70*4 中读取 700*4 字节的数据字节数组 - 明确的内存访问冲突。

稍后在您的代码中,您从同一个缓冲区读取到同一个主机数组,这将破坏内存并导致各种其他崩溃和无法解释的行为,当我在我自己的系统上运行您的代码时。

关于c++ - 将缓冲区写入设备时发生 OpenCL 访问冲突,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26682673/

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