ios - 使用 Swift 初始化对象以在 Firebase 上接收可选值

Question

一般来说，我对初始化对象很满意，但我的方法似乎只在所有参数都必须存在于数据库中时才有效。我看过this哪个有效。但我现在不知道如何使用嵌套数组对其进行初始化。

这是我通常初始化对象的方式:

class User {

    var firstName: String
    var lastName: String
    var summary: String?
    var groups = [Group]()
    var ref: DatabaseReference?
    var key: String

    init?(from snapshot: DataSnapshot) {

        let snapshotValue = snapshot.value as? [String: Any]

        guard let firstName = snapshotValue?["firstName"] as? String, let lastName = snapshotValue?["lastName"] as? String, let summary = snapshotValue?["summary"] as? String else { return nil }

        self.firstName = firstName
        self.lastName = lastName
        self.summary = summary
        self.key = snapshot.key

        self.groups(snapshot: snapshot.childSnapshot(forPath: "groups"))

    }

    func groups(snapshot: DataSnapshot) {
        for child in snapshot.children {
            guard let group = child as? DataSnapshot else { continue }
        }
    }

Answer 1

只是不要让可选属性成为守卫的一部分(那是阻止执行完成它的原因:

init?(from snapshot: DataSnapshot) {

    let snapshotValue = snapshot.value as? [String: Any]

    guard let firstName = snapshotValue?["firstName"] as? String,
          let lastName = snapshotValue?["lastName"] as? String else { return nil }

    self.firstName = firstName
    self.summary = snapshotValue?["summary"] as? String
    self.key = snapshot.key

    self.groups(snapshot: snapshot.childSnapshot(forPath: "groups"))

}

可选地，您可以使用 if let 语法:

if let summary = snapshotValue?["summary"] as? String {
    self.summary = summary
}

但在这种情况下，这更简单:

self.summary = snapshotValue?["summary"] as? String