c++访问头文件信息

Question

我正在尝试访问我在头文件中声明的变量。当我尝试将 women 之类的变量分配给 0 时，我收到一条错误消息，提示“'women' 未在此范围内声明”。我不确定这是什么意思。即使它包含 school.h，我是否必须再次在 .cc 文件中声明变量？此外，我收到重载赋值运算符的错误，该错误显示为“ISO C++ 禁止声明没有类型的‘School’，预期‘，’或‘...’在‘&’标记之前，‘bool operator==(int )' 必须有一个类或枚举类型的参数。”

学校.cc

#include "school.h"

void School ()
{
  women = 0;
  rateAI = 0;
  rateSys = 0;
  rateTheory = 0;
  effectiveness = 0;
  ratePubs = 0;
  overallRating = 0;
}

void School (string myName, string myState, int theWomen, int myRateAI, int myRateSys,int myRateTheory, int myEffectiveness, int myRatePubs)
{
  name = myName;
  state = myState;
  women = theWomen;
  rateAI = myRateAI;
  rateSys = myRateSys;
  rateTheory = myRateTheory;
  effectiveness = myEffectiveness;
  ratePubs = myRatePubs;
  overallRating = 0;


bool operator ==(const School &x, const School &y)
{
  return x.overallRating == y.overallRating;
}
bool operator >(const School &x, const School &y)
{
  return x.overallRating > y.overallRating;
}
bool operator <(const School &x, const School &y)
{
  x.overallRating < y.overallRating;
}
bool operator >=(const School &x, const School &y)
{
  x.overallRating >= y.overallRating;
}
bool operator <=(const School &x,const School &y)
{
  x.overallRating <= y.overallRating;
}
bool operator !=(const School &x, const School &y)
{
  x.overallRating != y.overallRating;
}

学校.h

#include <string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#ifndef SCHOOL_H
#define SCHOOL_H
class School {
public:
string name;      
string state;    
int women;      
int rateAI;     
int rateSys;      
int rateTheory;  
int effectiveness;  
int ratePubs;     
int overallRating;  // overall rating that considers all of the above factors 
School ();
School (string myName, string myState, int theWomen, int myRateAI, int myRateSys,
    int myRateTheory, int myEffectiveness, int myRatePubs);
void printSchoolInfo ();
void computeRating (int weightWomen, int weightAI, int weightSys, 
            int weightTheory, int weightEffect, int    weightPubs);
};

bool operator ==(const School &x,const School &y);
bool operator >(const School &x,const School &y);
bool operator <(const School &x,const School &y);
bool operator >=(const School &x,const School &y);
bool operator <=(const School &x,const School &y);
bool operator !=(const School &x,const School &y);
#endif

Answer 1

成员以 ClassName::member name 的形式定义。

void School () is a free function. 
School::School(){ is the definition of the constructor. 

这同样适用于您的其他成员。不是你的免费运营商。