ios - @Published 属性包装器及其 wrappedValue

Question

当您定义自己的属性包装器时，您必须指定一个名为“wrappedValue”的非静态属性。例如:

@propertyWrapper
struct MyPropertyWrapper<Value> {
    var value: Value
}

对于上面的代码，编译器会提示:

Property wrapper type 'MyPropertyWrapper' does not contain a non-static property named 'wrappedValue'

因此，您只需执行以下操作即可修复错误:

@propertyWrapper
struct MyPropertyWrapper<Value> {
    var value: Value

    var wrappedValue: Value {
        get {
            value
        }
        set {
            value = newValue
        }
    }
}

只是举一些例子，这对于 @State 是正确的:

@available(iOS 13.0, OSX 10.15, tvOS 13.0, watchOS 6.0, *)
@propertyWrapper public struct State<Value> : DynamicProperty {

    /// The current state value.
    public var wrappedValue: Value { get nonmutating set }
}

@Binding 也是如此:

@available(iOS 13.0, OSX 10.15, tvOS 13.0, watchOS 6.0, *)
@propertyWrapper @dynamicMemberLookup public struct Binding<Value> {

    /// The value referenced by the binding. Assignments to the value
    /// will be immediately visible on reading (assuming the binding
    /// represents a mutable location), but the view changes they cause
    /// may be processed asynchronously to the assignment.
    public var wrappedValue: Value { get nonmutating set }
}

等等。但是 @Published 属性包装器没有包装值:

@available(iOS 13.0, OSX 10.15, tvOS 13.0, watchOS 6.0, *)
@propertyWrapper public struct Published<Value> {

    /// Initialize the storage of the Published property as well as the corresponding `Publisher`.
    public init(initialValue: Value)

    /// A publisher for properties marked with the `@Published` attribute.
    public struct Publisher : Publisher {

        /// The kind of values published by this publisher.
        public typealias Output = Value

        /// The kind of errors this publisher might publish.
        ///
        /// Use `Never` if this `Publisher` does not publish errors.
        public typealias Failure = Never

        /// This function is called to attach the specified `Subscriber` to this `Publisher` by `subscribe(_:)`
        ///
        /// - SeeAlso: `subscribe(_:)`
        /// - Parameters:
        ///     - subscriber: The subscriber to attach to this `Publisher`.
        ///                   once attached it can begin to receive values.
        public func receive<S>(subscriber: S) where Value == S.Input, S : Subscriber, S.Failure == Published<Value>.Publisher.Failure
    }

    /// The property that can be accessed with the `$` syntax and allows access to the `Publisher`
    public var projectedValue: Published<Value>.Publisher { mutating get }
}

我在这里肯定遗漏了一些东西，因为编译器不会让您创建没有 wrappedValue 的属性包装器。在这种情况下，与其他属性包装器有何不同？

Answer 1

您显示的代码不是@Published 的实际实现 - 它只是公开可见的界面。如果将该代码粘贴到 Xcode 中，您将在 wrappedValue 等方面遇到相同的错误；该代码无法编译。

wrappedValue 的访问级别为 internal - 因此我们可以假设 @Published 的实际实现声明了类似 internal 的内容var wrappedValue:Value.这满足了属性包装器要求，但意味着 wrappedValue 在其框架之外不可见。