c++ - 在 C++ 中模拟 Python 字典时出现映射错误

Question

#include <iostream>
#include <map>
using namespace std;

typedef std::map<string, string> Dict;
typedef Dict::const_iterator It;

Dict pre_flight;

pre_flight["Parking Brakes"]="SET";
pre_flight["Battery Switch"]="ON";
pre_flight["APU Generator"]="OFF";
pre_flight["APU Master Knob"]="OFF";
pre_flight["External Power"]="ON";
pre_flight["Landing Gear"]="DOWN";
pre_flight["Flaps Lever"]="UP";
pre_flight["Speedbrakes Lever"]="RETR.";
pre_flight["Engine Fuel Controls"]="CUTOFF";
pre_flight["Fuel Pump Switches"]="OFF";
pre_flight["Engine Instruments"]="CHECK";
pre_flight["Anti-Ice Controls"]="AUTO";
pre_flight["Altitude Setting"]="SET";
pre_flight["IFR Clearance"]="REQUEST";
pre_flight["Fuel Quantity"]="CHECK";
pre_flight["Beacon Lighting"]="ON";

Dict before_startup;

before_startup["Seat Belt Sign"]="ON";
before_startup["Fuel Quantity"]="CHECK";
before_startup["Engine Throttle"]="IDLE";
before_startup["Engines Area"]="CLEAR";
before_startup["Auto-brake Setting"]="RTO";
before_startup["Yaw Damper"]="ON";
before_startup["Fly-by-wire Setting"]="CHECK";
before_startup["Hydraulic ENG Pumps"]="ON";
before_startup["Hydraulic ELEC C1 Pump"]="ON";
before_startup["AC Packs 1 and 2"]="ON";
before_startup["Equipment Cooling"]="ON";
before_startup["Fuel Pumps"]="ON";
before_startup["Startup Clearance"]="REQUEST";

Dict engines_startup;
engines_startup["APU Master Knob"]="ON";
engines_startup["APU Generator"]="ON";
engines_startup["Engine EEC Modes"]="ON";
engines_startup["Engine Starter Knob"]="START";
engines_startup["Engine Fuel Controls"]="RUN";
engines_startup["Engine Generators L1, R1"]="ON";


Dict before_taxi;

before_taxi["Parking Brakes"]="SET";
before_taxi["Fuel Quantity"]="CHECK";
before_taxi["Taxi Lights"]="ON";
before_taxi["Navigation Lights"]="ON";
before_taxi["Instrument Displays"]="CHECK";
before_taxi["Taxi Clearance"]="REQUEST";

Dict taxi;

taxi["Flight Directors"]="ON";
taxi["Parking Brakes"]="OFF";

Dict pre_take_off;

pre_take_off["Take Off Flaps"]="SET";
pre_take_off["Speed Brakes"]="RETRACTED";
pre_take_off["Instruments"]="CHECK";
pre_take_off["Landing Lights"]="ON";
pre_take_off["Strobe Lights"]="ON";
pre_take_off["Parking Brakes"]="OFF";

void main()
{
   string state;
   cout << "Input the Check State:  ";
   cin >> state;
   if (state == "Pre-Flight"){
     pre_flight();
   }
   else if (state == "Before-Startup"){
     before_startup();
   }
   else if (state == "Engines-Startup"){
     engines_startup();
   }
   else if (state == "Before-Taxi"){
     before_taxi();
   }
   else if (state == "Taxi"){
     taxi();
   }
   else if (state == "Pre-Take-Off"){
     pre_take_off();
   }
   else {
     cout << "Enter a Valid State";
   }
   return 0;
}


void pre_flight(){
  cout << "Input the State variables";
  Dict pre_flight_input;

  string texts[] = {"Parking Brakes", "Battery Switch", "APU Generator", "APU Master Knob", "External Power", "Landing Gear", "Flaps Lever", "Speedbrakes Lever", "Engine Fuel Controls",
                    "Fuel Pump Switches", "Engine Instruments", "Anti-Ice Controls", "Altitude Setting", "IFR Clearance", "Fuel Quantity", "Beacon Lighting"};
   for( unsigned int a = 0; a < sizeof(texts); a = a + 1 )
   {
       cout << texts[a] << endl;
       cin >> pre_flight_input[texts[a]];
   }

   for( unsigned int b = 0; b < sizeof(texts); b = b + 1)
   {
       if (pre_flight[texts[b]] == pre_flight_input[texts[b]]){
       }
       else {
         cout << "Warning! State Mismatch for " << texts[b] << ". State must be " << pre_flight[texts[b]] << endl;
       }
   }
}

void before_startup(){
  cout << "Input the State variables";
  Dict before_startup_input;

  string texts[] = {"Seat Belt Sign","Fuel Quantity","Engine Throttle","Engines Area","Auto-brake Setting","Yaw Damper","Fly-by-wire Setting","Hydraulic ENG Pumps","Hydraulic ELEC C1 Pump","AC Packs 1 and 2","Equipment Cooling",
                    "Fuel Pumps", "Startup Clearance"};
  for( unsigned int a =0; a < sizeof(texts); a = a + 1)
  {
    cout << texts[a] << endl;
    cin >> before_startup_input[texts[a]];
  }

  for( unsigned int b = 0; b < sizeof(texts); b = b + 1)
  {
    if (before_startup[texts[b]] == before_startup_input[texts[b]]){
    }
    else{
      cout << "Warning! State Mismatch for " << texts[b] << ".State must be " << before_startup[texts[b]] << endl;
    }
  }
}

void engines_startup(){
  cout << "Input the State variables";
  Dict engines_startup_input;

  string texts[] = {"APU Master Knob","APU Generator","Engine EEC Modes","Engine Starter Knob","Engine Fuel Controls","Engine Generators L1, R1"};
  for( unsigned int a =0; a < sizeof(texts); a = a + 1)
  {
    cout << texts[a] << endl;
    cin >> engines_startup_input[texts[a]];
  }

  for( unsigned int b = 0; b < sizeof(texts); b = b + 1)
  {
    if (engines_startup[texts[b]] == engines_startup_input[texts[b]]){
    }
    else{
      cout << "Warning! State Mismatch for " << texts[b] << ".State must be " << engines_startup[texts[b]] << endl;
    }
  }
}

void before_taxi(){
  cout << "Input the State variables";
  Dict before_taxi_input;

  string texts[] = {"Parking Brakes","Fuel Quantity","Taxi Lights","Navigation Lights","Navigation Lights","Instrument Displays","Taxi Clearance"};
  for( unsigned int a =0; a < sizeof(texts); a = a + 1)
  {
    cout << texts[a] << endl;
    cin >> before_taxi_input[texts[a]];
  }

  for( unsigned int b = 0; b < sizeof(texts); b = b + 1)
  {
    if (before_taxi[texts[b]] == before_taxi_input[texts[b]]){
    }
    else{
      cout << "Warning! State Mismatch for " << texts[b] << ".State must be " << before_taxi[texts[b]] << endl;
    }
  }
}

void taxi(){
  cout << "Input the State variables";
  Dict taxi_input;

  string texts[] = {"Flight Directors","Parking Brakes"};
  for( unsigned int a =0; a < sizeof(texts); a = a + 1)
  {
    cout << texts[a] << endl;
    cin >> taxi_input[texts[a]];
  }

  for( unsigned int b = 0; b < sizeof(texts); b = b + 1)
  {
    if (taxi[texts[b]] == taxi_input[texts[b]]){
    }
    else{
      cout << "Warning! State Mismatch for " << texts[b] << ".State must be " << taxi[texts[b]] << endl;
    }
  }
}


void pre_take_off(){
  cout << "Input the State variables";
  Dict pre_take_off_input;

  string texts[] = {"Take Off Flaps","Speed Brakes","Instruments","Landing Lights","Strobe Lights","Parking Brakes"};
  for( unsigned int a =0; a < sizeof(texts); a = a + 1)
  {
    cout << texts[a] << endl;
    cin >> pre_take_off_input[texts[a]];
  }

  for( unsigned int b = 0; b < sizeof(texts); b = b + 1)
  {
    if (pre_take_off[texts[b]] == pre_take_off_input[texts[b]]){
    }
    else{
      cout << "Warning! State Mismatch for " << texts[b] << ".State must be " << pre_take_off[texts[b]] << endl;
    }
  }
}

我尝试使用模拟 Python 字典的 C++ 中的 map 创建一个简单的波音 787 飞行前检查表检查器。但是在编译时，我的错误日志消息显示如下:

main.cpp:10:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Parking Brakes"]="SET";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:11:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Battery Switch"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:12:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["APU Generator"]="OFF";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:13:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["APU Master Knob"]="OFF";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:14:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["External Power"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:15:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Landing Gear"]="DOWN";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:16:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Flaps Lever"]="UP";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:17:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Speedbrakes Lever"]="RETR.";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:18:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Engine Fuel Controls"]="CUTOFF";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:19:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Fuel Pump Switches"]="OFF";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:20:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Engine Instruments"]="CHECK";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:21:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Anti-Ice Controls"]="AUTO";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:22:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Altitude Setting"]="SET";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:23:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["IFR Clearance"]="REQUEST";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:24:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Fuel Quantity"]="CHECK";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:25:1: error: ‘pre_flight’ does not name a type
 pre_flight["Beacon Lighting"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:29:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Seat Belt Sign"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:30:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Fuel Quantity"]="CHECK";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:31:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Engine Throttle"]="IDLE";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:32:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Engines Area"]="CLEAR";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:33:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Auto-brake Setting"]="RTO";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:34:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Yaw Damper"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:35:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Fly-by-wire Setting"]="CHECK";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:36:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Hydraulic ENG Pumps"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:37:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Hydraulic ELEC C1 Pump"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:38:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["AC Packs 1 and 2"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:39:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Equipment Cooling"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:40:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Fuel Pumps"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:41:1: error: ‘before_startup’ does not name a type
 before_startup["Startup Clearance"]="REQUEST";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:47:1: error: ‘engines_startup’ does not name a type
 engines_startup["APU Master Knob"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:48:1: error: ‘engines_startup’ does not name a type
 engines_startup["APU Generator"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:49:1: error: ‘engines_startup’ does not name a type
 engines_startup["Engine EEC Modes"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:50:1: error: ‘engines_startup’ does not name a type
 engines_startup["Engine Starter Knob"]="START";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:51:1: error: ‘engines_startup’ does not name a type
 engines_startup["Engine Fuel Controls"]="RUN";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:52:1: error: ‘engines_startup’ does not name a type
 engines_startup["Engine Generators L1, R1"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:57:1: error: ‘before_taxi’ does not name a type
 before_taxi["Parking Brakes"]="SET";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:58:1: error: ‘before_taxi’ does not name a type
 before_taxi["Fuel Quantity"]="CHECK";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:59:1: error: ‘before_taxi’ does not name a type
 before_taxi["Taxi Lights"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:60:1: error: ‘before_taxi’ does not name a type
 before_taxi["Navigation Lights"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:61:1: error: ‘before_taxi’ does not name a type
 before_taxi["Instrument Displays"]="CHECK";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:62:1: error: ‘before_taxi’ does not name a type
 before_taxi["Taxi Clearance"]="REQUEST";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:66:1: error: ‘taxi’ does not name a type
 taxi["Flight Directors"]="ON";
 ^~~~
main.cpp:67:1: error: ‘taxi’ does not name a type
 taxi["Parking Brakes"]="OFF";
 ^~~~
main.cpp:71:1: error: ‘pre_take_off’ does not name a type
 pre_take_off["Take Off Flaps"]="SET";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:72:1: error: ‘pre_take_off’ does not name a type
 pre_take_off["Speed Brakes"]="RETRACTED";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:73:1: error: ‘pre_take_off’ does not name a type
 pre_take_off["Instruments"]="CHECK";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:74:1: error: ‘pre_take_off’ does not name a type
 pre_take_off["Landing Lights"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:75:1: error: ‘pre_take_off’ does not name a type
 pre_take_off["Strobe Lights"]="ON";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:76:1: error: ‘pre_take_off’ does not name a type
 pre_take_off["Parking Brakes"]="OFF";
 ^~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp:78:11: error: ‘::main’ must return ‘int’
 void main()
           ^
main.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
main.cpp:84:17: error: no match for call to ‘(Dict {aka std::map, std::basic_string >}) ()’
      pre_flight();
                 ^
main.cpp:87:21: error: no match for call to ‘(Dict {aka std::map, std::basic_string >}) ()’
      before_startup();
                     ^
main.cpp:90:22: error: no match for call to ‘(Dict {aka std::map, std::basic_string >}) ()’
      engines_startup();
                      ^
main.cpp:93:18: error: no match for call to ‘(Dict {aka std::map, std::basic_string >}) ()’
      before_taxi();
                  ^
main.cpp:96:11: error: no match for call to ‘(Dict {aka std::map, std::basic_string >}) ()’
      taxi();
           ^
main.cpp:99:19: error: no match for call to ‘(Dict {aka std::map, std::basic_string >}) ()’
      pre_take_off();
                   ^
main.cpp: In function ‘void pre_flight()’:
main.cpp:108:17: error: ‘void pre_flight()’ redeclared as different kind of symbol
 void pre_flight(){
                 ^
main.cpp:8:6: note: previous declaration ‘Dict pre_flight’
 Dict pre_flight;
      ^~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp: In function ‘void before_startup()’:
main.cpp:130:21: error: ‘void before_startup()’ redeclared as different kind of symbol
 void before_startup(){
                     ^
main.cpp:27:6: note: previous declaration ‘Dict before_startup’
 Dict before_startup;
      ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp: In function ‘void engines_startup()’:
main.cpp:152:22: error: ‘void engines_startup()’ redeclared as different kind of symbol
 void engines_startup(){
                      ^
main.cpp:43:6: note: previous declaration ‘Dict engines_startup’
 Dict engines_startup;
      ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp: In function ‘void before_taxi()’:
main.cpp:173:18: error: ‘void before_taxi()’ redeclared as different kind of symbol
 void before_taxi(){
                  ^
main.cpp:55:6: note: previous declaration ‘Dict before_taxi’
 Dict before_taxi;
      ^~~~~~~~~~~
main.cpp: In function ‘void taxi()’:
main.cpp:194:11: error: ‘void taxi()’ redeclared as different kind of symbol
 void taxi(){
           ^
main.cpp:64:6: note: previous declaration ‘Dict taxi’
 Dict taxi;
      ^~~~
main.cpp: In function ‘void pre_take_off()’:
main.cpp:216:19: error: ‘void pre_take_off()’ redeclared as different kind of symbol
 void pre_take_off(){
                   ^
main.cpp:69:6: note: previous declaration ‘Dict pre_take_off’
 Dict pre_take_off;
      ^~~~~~~~~~~~

如能帮助解决此错误，我们将不胜感激。我正在关注这里的示例: Translating python dictionary to C++

根据定义的语法，我假设我的代码中的字典定义是正确的，但是它显示了类型错误。

Answer 1

您需要将代码放入某种函数中。在函数之外你唯一可以拥有的就是声明之类的东西。放

pre_flight["Parking Brakes"]="SET";

除了在 main 函数或其他函数中声明之外，还有其他代码会做一些事情。