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编译器:MinGW/GCC
我试图根据图标窗口为该文件类型注册的文件类型获取 HICON,然后抓取 HICON 的所有图像。
问题是,除了 32x32 或 16x16 图标,我似乎无法获得任何其他图标。此外,我查看了 GetIconInfoEx()
,但该函数不允许我选择我想要的图标大小,它只是随意地吐出 Windows 给我的感觉时间。
我想至少拥有所有 16x16、32x32 和 48x48 图标,但我真的很高兴能够提取 HICON 中的每个尺寸我通过了。
这是我目前正在使用的代码(从网上复制并粘贴大部分内容并将其拼接在一起):
HBITMAP GetFileTypeIcon(const char* ext, int type, int depth)
{
HICON hIcon;
SHFILEINFO sfi= {0};
UINT flag = SHGFI_ICON|SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES;
int wh = 16;
switch(type)
{
default:
case FILE_ICON_SIZE_16:
{
wh = 16; flag|=SHGFI_SMALLICON;
}
break;
case FILE_ICON_SIZE_32:
{
wh = 32; flag|=SHGFI_LARGEICON;
}
break;
case FILE_ICON_SIZE_48:
{
wh = 48; flag|=SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX;
}
break;
case FILE_ICON_SIZE_256:
{
wh = 256; flag|=SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX;
}
break;
}
HRESULT hr = SHGetFileInfo(ext,FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,&sfi,sizeof(sfi),flag);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
if((type == FILE_ICON_SIZE_48) || (type == FILE_ICON_SIZE_256))
{
// THIS PART DOESN'T COMPILE: undeclared function/indentifiers
// HIMAGELIST* imageList;
// hr = SHGetImageList(((type == FILE_ICON_SIZE_256)?SHIL_JUMBO:SHIL_EXTRALARGE), IID_IImageList, (void**)&imageList);
// if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
// {
// //Get the icon we need from the list. Note that the HIMAGELIST we retrieved
// //earlier needs to be casted to the IImageList interface before use.
// hr = ((IImageList*)imageList)->GetIcon(sfi.iIcon, ILD_TRANSPARENT, &hIcon);
// }
}
else
{
hIcon=sfi.hIcon;
}
}
// Convert to an HBITMAP (to get it out of the icon...)
HDC hDC = GetDC(NULL);
HDC hMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hDC);
HBITMAP hMemBmp = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hDC, wh, wh);
HGDIOBJ hOrgBMP = SelectObject(hMemDC, hMemBmp);
DrawIconEx(hMemDC, 0, 0, hIcon, wh, wh, 0, NULL, DI_NORMAL);
SelectObject(hMemDC, hOrgBMP);
DeleteDC(hMemDC);
ReleaseDC(NULL, hDC);
DestroyIcon(hIcon);
return hMemBmp;
}
我什至不知道如何处理颜色深度。我会冒险猜测:制作一个具有特定颜色深度的 DC(而不仅仅是兼容的 DC)并将其传递给 DrawIconEx()
?
请参阅下面我的回答,了解查找和解析原始图标数据的方法。
最佳答案
我基本上必须自己做所有事情(借助网络、Stack Overflow 和几篇 MSDN 文章),所以我想我会在这里发布我自己的解决方案。
我最终解析了注册表以找到每个先前注册的文件扩展名的图标位置,因为本应轻松获取我想要的信息的 API 函数存在一些...问题。
在那之后,我花了几天时间通过观察图标程序的输出来手动观察手头的数据格式,并利用手头的这些信息构建了一个图像加载器。
我使用 Allegro 游戏库来简化 BITMAP 图像的处理 - Win32/GDI 有点难以处理并且会使代码变得非常困惑。
(1) 在 HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT 下寻找扩展名,例如 HKCR\.foo\(default) = "foofile"
(2) 这个的默认数据是下一个要看的key,eg HKCR\foofile\
(3) 这里的默认数据是描述,例如 HKCR\foofile\(default) = "Foo Document"
(4) 图标位置可能在我所知道的两个地方之一:
在 HKCR\foofile\DefaultIcon\(default)
或 中可能有类似 HKCR\foofile\CurVer\(default) = "foofile.1"
告诉您查看图标位置的键 HKCR\foofile.1\DefaultIcon\(default)
。
解析图标位置字符串:
该字符串只是一个路径,后跟一个逗号、空格、可能是一个负号和一个表示图标“索引”的数字。
这里有个大问题: 设图标索引为 N。如果 N 为负(可能要检查负零!),它是 指定文件中的资源 ID。如果 N 为正数,则意味着找到文件中的第 N 个图标,但该图标不一定在资源 ID 号 N 处。
这是大部分的代码和花费的时间,但它工作得很好。首先,这里是颜色和 mask 数据各个部分的数据格式。
数据 block 格式:
32bit ... Color Data:
====================================================================================
Little Endian 4 byte ARGB values.
The rows are stored in reverse order (bottom to top).
24bit ... Color Data:
====================================================================================
Little Endian 3 byte RGB values.
Tightly Packed (NO PADDING).
INSERT PADDING BYTES TO GO UP TO NEXT DWORD AT END OF ROW. SET THEM TO 0x00.
The rows are stored in reverse order (bottom to top).
16bit ... Color Data:
====================================================================================
Little Endian 2 byte RGB values. 5 bits each with MSB = 0.
Tightly Packed (NO PADDING).
INSERT PADDING BYTES TO GO UP TO NEXT DWORD AT END OF ROW. SET THEM TO 0x00.
The rows are stored in reverse order (bottom to top).
8bit ... Palette & Color Data:
====================================================================================
The Palette is Little Endian 4 byte RGB0 values. No alpha.
There *might* be up to 256 palette entries.
If number of colors is reported as zero, assume 256 color entires.
The Pixels are 1 byte index values.
INSERT PADDING BYTES TO GO UP TO NEXT DWORD AT END OF ROW. SET THEM TO 0x00.
The rows are stored in reverse order (bottom to top).
4bit ... Palette & Color Data:
====================================================================================
The Palette is Little Endian 4 byte RGB0 values. No alpha.
There *might* be up to 16 palette entries.
If number of colors is reported as zero, assume 16 color entires.
The Pixels are nybble-length index values.
INSERT PADDING BYTES TO GO UP TO NEXT DWORD AT END OF ROW. SET THEM TO 0x00.
The rows are stored in reverse order (bottom to top).
Mask Data:
====================================================================================
Is a string of bytes with mask bits starting at MSB and going towards LSB.
There are ((imagewidth+31)>>5) DWORDS per row in *BIG ENDIAN* order.
Like the color data, there is a set of DWORDS for each row.
The rows are stored in reverse order (bottom to top).
Set unused padding bits/pixels at end of each row to 1.
0 indicates opaque and 1 indicates transparent.
1bit ... XOR Mask, AND Mask, & Color Data:
====================================================================================
The Palette is Little Endian 4 byte RGB0 values. No alpha.
There should be exactly 2 palette entries: usually 0x00000000 and 0x00FFFFFF.
The two masks follow the Mask Data format decribed above.
The following results from combining two mask bits:
XOR AND RESULT:
0 0 Color #0 (Black)
0 1 Transparent
1 0 Color #1 (White)
1 1 Invert Destination Bitmap
我当然不会就此罢手。有代码!
以下代码将加载给定图标位置的所有图标图像并将其转换为 32bpp 位图 vector 。如果加载给定图像失败,它就不会被添加到 vector 中(或者,在图标损坏的情况下,它很可能会生成损坏的图像,所以要小心)。
该代码不支持单色图像中的“反转”颜色,只会生成仍然具有零 alpha 的不同颜色。
警告:包含一些伪代码以将事情简化为必需品。
// Code written by Simion32.
// Please feel free to use it anywhere.
// Credit would be nice but isn't required.
#include "include.h" //std::vectors and whatever else you need
#include <allegro.h>
#include <winalleg.h> //Allegro and Win32
#include "Shellapi.h"
// In the following block, the (required!!) pragmas
// force correct data alignment. Needed in at least GCC.
#pragma pack( push, 1 )
typedef struct
{
BYTE bWidth; // Width, in pixels, of the image
BYTE bHeight; // Height, in pixels, of the image
BYTE bColorCount; // Number of colors in image (0 if >=8bpp)
BYTE bReserved; // Reserved ( must be 0)
WORD wPlanes; // Color Planes
WORD wBitCount; // Bits per pixel
DWORD dwBytesInRes; // How many bytes in this resource?
DWORD dwImageOffset; // Where in the file is this image?
} ICONDIRENTRY, *LPICONDIRENTRY;
typedef struct
{
WORD idReserved; // Reserved (must be 0)
WORD idType; // Resource Type (1 for icons)
WORD idCount; // How many images?
ICONDIRENTRY idEntries[1]; // An entry for each image (idCount of 'em)
} ICONDIR, *LPICONDIR;
typedef struct
{
BITMAPINFOHEADER icHeader; // DIB header
RGBQUAD icColors[1]; // Color table
BYTE icXOR[1]; // DIB bits for XOR mask
BYTE icAND[1]; // DIB bits for AND mask
} ICONIMAGE, *LPICONIMAGE;
#pragma pack( pop)
#pragma pack( push, 2 )
typedef struct
{
BYTE bWidth; // Width, in pixels, of the image
BYTE bHeight; // Height, in pixels, of the image
BYTE bColorCount; // Number of colors in image (0 if >=8bpp)
BYTE bReserved; // Reserved
WORD wPlanes; // Color Planes
WORD wBitCount; // Bits per pixel
DWORD dwBytesInRes; // total size of the RT_ICON resource referenced by the nID member.
WORD nID; // resourceID of RT_ICON (LockResource to obtain a pointer to its ICONIMAGE)
} GRPICONDIRENTRY, *LPGRPICONDIRENTRY;
typedef struct
{
WORD idReserved; // Reserved (must be 0)
WORD idType; // Resource type (1 for icons)
WORD idCount; // How many images?
GRPICONDIRENTRY idEntries[1]; // The entries for each image
} GRPICONDIR, *LPGRPICONDIR;
#pragma pack( pop )
uint32_t Convert16BitToARGB(uint16_t value)
{
return (0xFF000000|((value >> 7) & 0x0000F8)|((value << 6) & 0x00F800)|((value << 19) & 0xF80000));
}
uint32_t GetMaskBit(uint8_t* data, int x, int y, int w, int h)
{
uint32_t mask_data_rowsize = (((w+31)>>5) * 4);
return ((~(data[(mask_data_rowsize * ((h-1)-y)) + (x >> 3)] >> (0x07 - (x & 0x07))) & 1) * 0xFFFFFFFF);
}
uint32_t GetColorMonochrome(uint8_t* xordata, uint8_t* anddata, int x, int y, int w, int h, uint32_t* pal)
{
uint32_t mask_data_rowsize = (((w+31)>>5) * 4);
uint32_t xor_bit = (((xordata[(mask_data_rowsize * ((h-1)-y)) + (x >> 3)] >> (0x07 - (x & 0x07))) << 1) & 2);
uint32_t and_bit = (((anddata[(mask_data_rowsize * ((h-1)-y)) + (x >> 3)] >> (0x07 - (x & 0x07))) ) & 1);
uint32_t value = (xor_bit | and_bit);
return pal[value];
}
BITMAP* CreateBmp32bppFromIconResData(void* data, int size, int depth, int w, int h, int colors)
{
char* pngheader = "\211PNG\r\n\032\n";
char* cpd = (char*)data;
bool is_png = ((cpd[0]==pngheader[0])
&& (cpd[1]==pngheader[1])
&& (cpd[2]==pngheader[2])
&& (cpd[3]==pngheader[3])
&& (cpd[4]==pngheader[4])
&& (cpd[5]==pngheader[5])
&& (cpd[6]==pngheader[6])
&& (cpd[7]==pngheader[7]));
if(is_png)
{
//###########################################################
//# PSEUDO-CODE: Somehow convert the PNG file into a bitmap.
BITMAP* result = ConvertPngFileToBmp32bpp(data, size);
return result;
}
else
{
uint32_t ignore_size = ((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biSize;
BITMAP* bmp = create_bitmap_ex(32,w,h);
uint32_t pixel_count = (w * h);
uint32_t color_data_size = ((((((w * depth)+7) >> 3) +3) & ~3) * h);
switch(depth)
{
default: return bmp; break;
case 32:
{
uint32_t* src = (uint32_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size);
for(int yy = h-1; yy >= 0; --yy){
for(int xx = 0; xx < w; ++xx){
_putpixel32(bmp,xx,yy,src[0]);
src++;
}
//There should never be any padding to jump over here.
}
return bmp;
}
break;
case 24:
{
uint32_t* src = (uint32_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size);
uint8_t* bitmask = (uint8_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size + color_data_size);
int padding_checker = 0;
for(int yy = h-1; yy >= 0; --yy){
for(int xx = 0; xx < w; ++xx){
_putpixel32(bmp,xx,yy,((src[0] & 0x00FFFFFF) | 0xFF000000) & GetMaskBit(bitmask, xx, yy, w, h));
src++;
src = (uint32_t*)(((uint8_t*)src)-1); //go back a byte due to packing
padding_checker += 3;
padding_checker &= 3;
}
//This loop jumps over any padding bytes.
while(padding_checker)
{
src = (uint32_t*)(((uint8_t*)src)+1);
padding_checker++;
padding_checker &= 3;
}
}
return bmp;
}
break;
case 16:
{
//Note: there might be a color table present! ignore it.
uint16_t* src = (uint16_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size + (colors << 2));
uint8_t* bitmask = (uint8_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size + (colors << 2) + color_data_size);
int padding_checker = 0;
for(int yy = h-1; yy >= 0; --yy){
for(int xx = 0; xx < w; ++xx){
_putpixel32(bmp,xx,yy,Convert16BitToARGB(src[0]) & GetMaskBit(bitmask, xx, yy, w, h));
src++;
padding_checker += 2;
padding_checker &= 3;
}
//This loop jumps over any padding bytes.
while(padding_checker)
{
src = (uint16_t*)(((uint8_t*)src)+1);
padding_checker++;
padding_checker &= 3;
}
}
return bmp;
}
break;
case 8:
{
if(colors > 256) colors = 256; //Color Count must be restricted to 256 entries at the most.
if(colors <= 0) colors = 256; //Color Count might be reported as zero. This means 256.
uint8_t* src = (((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size + (colors << 2));
uint32_t* pal = ((uint32_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size));
uint8_t* bitmask = (uint8_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size + (colors << 2) + color_data_size);
int padding_checker = 0;
for(int yy = h-1; yy >= 0; --yy){
for(int xx = 0; xx < w; ++xx){
uint8_t color = src[0];
if(color < colors){
_putpixel32(bmp,xx,yy,(pal[color] | 0xFF000000) & GetMaskBit(bitmask, xx, yy, w, h));
}else{
_putpixel32(bmp,xx,yy,0x00FF00FF);
}
src++;
padding_checker++;
padding_checker &= 3;
}
//This loop jumps over any padding bytes.
while(padding_checker)
{
src++;
padding_checker++;
padding_checker &= 3;
}
}
return bmp;
}
break;
case 4:
{
if(colors > 16) colors = 16; //Color Count must be restricted to 16 entries at the most.
if(colors <= 0) colors = 16; //Color Count might be reported as zero. This means 16.
uint8_t* src = (((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size + (colors << 2));
uint32_t* pal = ((uint32_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size));
uint8_t* bitmask = (uint8_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size + (colors << 2) + color_data_size);
int padding_checker = 0;
for(int yy = h-1; yy >= 0; --yy){
for(int xx = 0; xx < w; ++xx){
uint8_t color = src[0];
if(xx & 1) color = ( color & 0x0F);
else color = ((color >> 4) & 0x0F);
if(color < colors){
_putpixel32(bmp,xx,yy,(pal[color] | 0xFF000000) & GetMaskBit(bitmask, xx, yy, w, h));
}else{
_putpixel32(bmp,xx,yy,0x00FF00FF);
}
if(xx & 1)
{
src++;
padding_checker++;
padding_checker &= 3;
}
}
//if the pointer hasn't incremented to the next byte yet, do so.
if(w & 1) //odd width
{
src++;
padding_checker++;
padding_checker &= 3;
}
//This loop jumps over any padding bytes.
while(padding_checker)
{
src++;
padding_checker++;
padding_checker &= 3;
}
}
return bmp;
}
break;
case 1:
{
if(colors > 2) colors = 2; //Color Count must be restricted to 2 entries at the most.
if(colors <= 0) colors = 2; //Color Count might be reported as zero. This means 2.
uint32_t* pal = (uint32_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size);
uint8_t* bitmaskXOR = (uint8_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size + (colors << 2));
uint8_t* bitmaskAND = (uint8_t*)(((uint8_t*)data) + ignore_size + (colors << 2) + color_data_size);
uint32_t ret_colors[4] = {pal[0]|0xFF000000, 0x00FF00FF, pal[1]|0xFF000000, 0x0000FF00};
for(int yy = h-1; yy >= 0; --yy){
for(int xx = 0; xx < w; ++xx){
_putpixel32(bmp,xx,yy,GetColorMonochrome(bitmaskXOR, bitmaskAND, xx, yy, w, h, ret_colors));
}
}
return bmp;
}
break;
}
return bmp;
}
}
vector< BITMAP* > ResourceToBitmapVector(HMODULE hm, HRSRC hr, bool is_group_icon)
{
vector< BITMAP* > results;
if(is_group_icon)
{
HGLOBAL hg = LoadResource(hm,hr);
GRPICONDIR* gd = (GRPICONDIR*)LockResource(hg);
if(gd->idType == 1)
{
for(int i = 0; i < gd->idCount; ++i)
{
//WARNING: The GRPICONDIRENTRY's data might be wrong!
GRPICONDIRENTRY* ie = (GRPICONDIRENTRY*)&(gd->idEntries[i]);
HRSRC ihr = FindResource(hm,MAKEINTRESOURCE(ie->nID),RT_ICON);
if(ihr != NULL)
{
HGLOBAL ihg = LoadResource(hm,ihr);
void* data = (void*)LockResource(ihg);
DWORD size = SizeofResource(hm,ihr);
uint32_t b = ((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biBitCount;
uint32_t w = ((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biWidth;
uint32_t h = (((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biHeight >> 1); //icons have doubled height value.
uint32_t c = ((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biClrUsed;
results.push_back(CreateBmp32bppFromIconResData(data, size, b, w, h, c));
}
}
}
}
else
{
HGLOBAL ihg = LoadResource(hm,hr);
void* data = (void*)LockResource(ihg);
DWORD size = SizeofResource(hm,hr);
uint32_t b = ((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biBitCount;
uint32_t w = ((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biWidth;
uint32_t h = (((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biHeight >> 1); //icons have doubled height value.
uint32_t c = ((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biClrUsed;
results.push_back(CreateBmp32bppFromIconResData(data, size, b, w, h, c));
}
return results;
}
vector< BITMAP* > IconFileToBitmapVector(void* icon_data, uint32_t icon_size)
{
vector< BITMAP* > results;
ICONDIR* gd = (ICONDIR*)icon_data;
if(gd->idType == 1)
{
for(int i = 0; i < gd->idCount; ++i)
{
//WARNING: The ICONDIRENTRY's data might be wrong!
DWORD offset = gd->idEntries[i].dwImageOffset;
DWORD size = gd->idEntries[i].dwBytesInRes;
void* data = (void*)(((uint8_t*)icon_data) + ((uint32_t)offset));
uint32_t b = ((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biBitCount;
uint32_t w = ((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biWidth;
uint32_t h = (((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biHeight >> 1); //icons have doubled height value.
uint32_t c = ((BITMAPINFOHEADER*)(data))->biClrUsed;
results.push_back(CreateBmp32bppFromIconResData(data, size, b, w, h, c));
}
}
return results;
}
vector< BITMAP* > UnearthIconResource(string& file, bool self_refrence, bool res_index, int index)
{
#define LOAD_IGNORE_CODE_AUTHZ_LEVEL 0x00000010
//prevents a negative indexing error
// (the boolean res_index handles whether it's icon index VS resource ID)
index = abs(index);
vector< BITMAP* > results; //array of results to return (pointers to 32bpp images)
//extract and 'demangle' the file extension by convertng to lowercase.
string ext = get_file_extension(file.c_str());
for(int i = 0; i < ext.size(); ++i) ext[i] = tolower(ext[i]);
bool is_icl = false;
if((ext == "exe") || (ext == "dll") || (ext == "scr") || (is_icl = (ext == "icl")))
{
// Portable Executable Resource (works for both DLL and EXE)
// Also works for any 32bit Icon Library (Microangelo Studio?)
HMODULE hm = LoadLibraryEx(file.c_str(), NULL,
(DONT_RESOLVE_DLL_REFERENCES | LOAD_IGNORE_CODE_AUTHZ_LEVEL | LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_DATAFILE));
if(hm != NULL)
{
HRSRC hr;
if(!self_refrence)
{
if(res_index)
{
//The icon we want is at the resource ID (==index)
bool is_single_icon = false;
hr = FindResource(hm,MAKEINTRESOURCE(index),RT_GROUP_ICON);
if(hr == NULL)
{
hr = FindResource(hm,MAKEINTRESOURCE(index),RT_ICON);
is_single_icon = (hr != NULL);
}
if(hr != NULL)
{
results = ResourceToBitmapVector(hm, hr, !is_single_icon);
}
}
else
{
//The icon we want is the (index)'th icon in the file
//We must preform a manual search for the resource ID!
//WARNING: Using EnumResourceNames() *DOES NOT WORK PROPERLY* for this.
for(int nicon = 0, i = 0; i < 0x8000; ++i)
{
bool is_single_icon = false;
hr = FindResource(hm,MAKEINTRESOURCE(i),RT_GROUP_ICON);
if(hr != NULL)
{
if(nicon == index)
{
results = ResourceToBitmapVector(hm, hr, true);
break;
}
nicon++;
}
}
}
}
else
{
//The icon we want is the "first" icon in the file.
//Happens when location is a %1.
//We must preform a manual search for the resource ID!
//WARNING: Using EnumResourceNames() *DOES NOT WORK PROPERLY* for this.
for(int i = 0; i < 0x8000; ++i)
{
bool is_single_icon = false;
hr = FindResource(hm,MAKEINTRESOURCE(i),RT_GROUP_ICON);
if(hr != NULL)
{
results = ResourceToBitmapVector(hm, hr, true);
break;
}
}
}
FreeLibrary(hm);
}
else /*if(is_icl)
{//OH NOES. We have to load a *16bit* .icl file!
//not supported yet. sorry. left as another excecise to the programmer.
}*/
}
else if(ext == "ico")
{
//Single Icon File
//###################################################
//# PSEUDO-CODE: Do the file loading yourself ;)
void* data_pointer = NULL;
uint32_t data_size = 0;
if(data_pointer = MyLoadFile(file.c_str(), &data_size))
{
if(data_size)
{
results = IconFileToBitmapVector((void*)data_pointer, data_size);
}
}
MyCloseFile(data_pointer);
}
return results;
}
我想这几乎涵盖了所有...
最后一件事我应该提到:一定要忽略来自图标目录条目的大小和位深度信息。他们经常是错的。我看到一些 256 色图像被报告为 24 位,导致图像加载器内部的数据损坏。
关于c++ - 获取文件类型图标的 *ALL* 大小和深度的 HBITMAP (C++),我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16330403/
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