c++ - 由于库问题，我无法编译 OpenGL 应用程序

Question

我在用 C++ 编译任何简单的 OpenGL 应用程序时遇到了很多麻烦。我一直在环顾四周，大部分时间都看到问题出在链接上，但我一直无法找到适合我的解决方案。我已将 MinGW 添加到路径中，并且还移动了 freeglut 和 glut 库和 header 。我使用了一个简单的 openGL 教程示例，它应该在黑框中绘制一条白线。这是我的代码:

#include <gl/freeglut.h>

using namespace std;

void Draw(){
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
    glColor3f(1.0,1.0,1.0);
    glBegin(GL_LINES);
        glVertex3f(.25, .25, 0.0);
        glVertex3f(.75, .75, 0.0);
    glEnd();
    glFlush();
    }
void Initialize(){
    glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glLoadIdentity();
    glOrtho(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0);
}
int main(int iArgc, char** cppArgv){
    glutInit(&iArgc, cppArgv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);
    glutInitWindowSize(250, 250);
    glutInitWindowPosition(200, 200);
    glutCreateWindow("XoaX.net");
    Initialize();
    glutDisplayFunc(Draw);
    glutMainLoop();
    return 0;
}

这是我的构建日志:

-------------- Build: Debug in OpenGL (compiler: GNU GCC Compiler)---------------

mingw32-g++.exe  -o bin\Debug\OpenGL.exe obj\Debug\main.o   
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `glutInit_ATEXIT_HACK':
c:/mingw/include/gl/freeglut_std.h:614: undefined reference to `_imp____glutInitWithExit@12'
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `glutCreateWindow_ATEXIT_HACK':
c:/mingw/include/gl/freeglut_std.h:616: undefined reference to `_imp____glutCreateWindowWithExit@8'
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `glutCreateMenu_ATEXIT_HACK':
c:/mingw/include/gl/freeglut_std.h:618: undefined reference to `_imp____glutCreateMenuWithExit@8'
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `Z4Drawv':
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:8: undefined reference to `glClear@4'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:9: undefined reference to `glColor3f@12'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:10: undefined reference to `glBegin@4'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:11: undefined reference to `glVertex3f@12'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:12: undefined reference to `glVertex3f@12'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:13: undefined reference to `glEnd@0'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:14: undefined reference to `glFlush@0'
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `Z10Initializev':
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:17: undefined reference to `glClearColor@16'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:18: undefined reference to `glMatrixMode@4'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:19: undefined reference to `glLoadIdentity@0'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:20: undefined reference to `glOrtho@48'
obj\Debug\main.o: In function `main':
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:24: undefined reference to `_imp__glutInitDisplayMode@4'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:25: undefined reference to `_imp__glutInitWindowSize@8'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:26: undefined reference to `_imp__glutInitWindowPosition@8'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:29: undefined reference to `_imp__glutDisplayFunc@4'
C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/main.cpp:30: undefined reference to `_imp__glutMainLoop@0'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Process terminated with status 1 (0 minute(s), 0 second(s))
19 error(s), 0 warning(s) (0 minute(s), 0 second(s))

我在 Windows 7 系统上使用代码块。

这是我的新错误

Building to ensure sources are up-to-date
Selecting target: 
Debug
Adding source dir: C:\Users\Jack\Programs\OpenGL\
Adding source dir: C:\Users\Jack\Programs\OpenGL\
Adding file: C:\Users\Jack\Programs\OpenGL\bin\Debug\OpenGL.exe
Changing directory to: C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/.
Set variable: PATH=.;C:\MinGW\bin;C:\MinGW;C:\Program Files (x86)\NVIDIA Corporation\PhysX\Common;c:\Program Files (x86)\Intel\iCLS Client;c:\Program Files\Intel\iCLS Client;C:\Program Files\Broadcom\Broadcom 802.11 Network Adapter\Driver;\;C:\Windows\System32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0;C:\Program Files\WIDCOMM\Bluetooth Software;C:\Program Files\WIDCOMM\Bluetooth Software\syswow64;C:\Program Files\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\DAL;C:\Program Files\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\IPT;C:\Program Files (x86)\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\DAL;C:\Program Files (x86)\Intel\Intel(R) Management Engine Components\IPT;C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\110\Tools\Binn;c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Tools\Binn;c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Tools\Binn;c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\100\DTS\Binn;C:\Program Files (x86)\CMake 2.8\bin
Starting debugger: C:\MinGW\bin\gdb.exe -nx -fullname  -quiet  -args C:/Users/Jack/Programs/OpenGL/bin/Debug/OpenGL.exe
failed

Answer 1

header 只是编译器的目录。您还需要将实际的库添加到项目构建链接器选项中，以便可以创建工作的可执行文件。您需要将 -lopengl32 -lglut 添加到编译器选项。