c++ - 打印出来存档每一代人的生命游戏

Question

嘿伙计们，我需要帮助打印出每一代生命游戏的 fstream。目前它只打印出包含所有死细胞的初始网格。

这是我的打印功能，以及我的尝试。

void print(bool mat[][Row]) //Prints matrix to screen
{
     ofstream myfile;
     myfile.open("GameOfLife.txt");
     cout << setw(3) << " ";
     myfile<< setw(3) << " ";
     for (int p = 0; 5*p < Row; p++) cout << setw(5) << 5*p+1;
     for (int p = 0; 5*p < Row; p++) myfile << setw(5) << 5*p+1;
     cout << endl;
     myfile<< endl;
     for (int m = 0; m < Col; m++)
     {
         cout << setw(3) << m+1;
         myfile<< setw(3) << m+1;
         for (int n = 0; n < Row; n++)
         {
             if (mat[m][n]) cout << "\xDB";
             else cout << /*"\xB1"*/"-";
             if (mat[m][n]) myfile << "\xDB";
             else myfile << /*"\xB1"*/"-";
         }
         cout << endl;
         myfile<<endl;
     }
}

这是我在main中调用它的地方

 do //Keep updating new generations
    {
        cout<<"Generation: "<<genX<<endl;
        //myfile<<"Generation: "<<genX<<endl;
        genX++;
        clear(next);
        calculate(now, next);
        swap(now, next);
        print(now);
        cin>>cont;      
    }while(cont == -1);

想知道如何让它将每一代打印到文件中。

编辑:添加完整代码

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
#define Col 15 //Col size
#define Row 13 //Row size
using namespace std;

void clear(bool mat[][Row]) //resets with all dead cells
{
    for (int m = 0; m < Col; m++)
    {
        for (int n = 0; n < Row; n++)
            mat[m][n] = 0;
    }
}

void print(bool mat[][Row]) //Prints matrix to screen
{
     ofstream myfile;
     myfile.open("GameOfLife.txt");
     cout << setw(3) << " ";
     myfile<< setw(3) << " ";
     for (int p = 0; 5*p < Row; p++) cout << setw(5) << 5*p+1;
     for (int p = 0; 5*p < Row; p++) myfile << setw(5) << 5*p+1;
     cout << endl;
     myfile<< endl;
     for (int m = 0; m < Col; m++)
     {
         cout << setw(3) << m+1;
         myfile<< setw(3) << m+1;
         for (int n = 0; n < Row; n++)
         {
             if (mat[m][n]) cout << "\xDB";
             else cout << /*"\xB1"*/"-";
             if (mat[m][n]) myfile << "\xDB";
             else myfile << /*"\xB1"*/"-";
         }
         cout << endl;
         myfile<<endl;
     }
}

/*void print2(unsigned int mat[][Row]) //Prints matrix to screen
{
     for (int m = 0; m < Col; m++)
     {
         for (int n = 0; n < Row; n++)
             cout << mat[m][n] << " ";
         cout << endl;
     }
}*/

void calculate(bool mata[][Row], bool matb[][Row])
{
     unsigned int neighbors;
     for (int m = 0; m < Col; m++)
     {
         for (int n = 0; n < Row; n++)
         {
             neighbors = 0;
             //Begin counting number of neighbors:
             if (mata[m%Col-1][n%Row-1] == 1) neighbors += 1;
             if (mata[m%Col-1][n%Row] == 1) neighbors += 1;
             if (mata[m%Col-1][n%Row+1] == 1) neighbors += 1;
             if (mata[m%Col][n%Row-1] == 1) neighbors += 1;
             if (mata[m%Col][n%Row+1] == 1) neighbors += 1;
             if (mata[m%Col+1][n%Row-1] == 1) neighbors += 1;
             if (mata[m%Col+1][n%Row] == 1) neighbors += 1;
             if (mata[m%Col+1][n%Row+1] == 1) neighbors += 1;

             //Apply rules to the cell:
             if (mata[m%Col][n%Row] == 1 && neighbors < 2)
                matb[m%Col][n%Row] = 0;
             else if (mata[m%Col][n%Row] == 1 && neighbors > 3)
                matb[m%Col][n%Row] = 0;
             else if (mata[m%Col][n%Row] == 1 && (neighbors == 2 || neighbors == 3))
                matb[m%Col][n%Row] = 1;
             else if (mata[m%Col][n%Row] == 0 && neighbors == 3)
                matb[m%Col][n%Row] = 1;
         }
     }
}

void swap(bool mata[][Row], bool matb[][Row]) //Replaces first matrix with second
{
     for (int m = 0; m < Col; m++)
     {
         for (int n = 0; n < Row; n++)
             mata[m%Col][n%Row] = matb[m%Col][n%Row];
     }
}


int main()
{
    bool now[Col][Row], next[Col][Row]; //Creates now and then matrixes
    int x, y, cont; //Used for user input

    cout << left << "Welcome to Conway's Game of Life." << endl << endl;
    cout << "The Rules of Life:" << endl;
    cout << "1.cell with less than 2 neighbors die" << endl;
    cout << "2. cell with more than three neighbors dies" << endl;
    cout << "3. cell with two or three neighbors lives stays alive." << endl;
    cout << "4.dead cell with exactly three live neighbors comes to life." << endl << endl;
    cout << "To play: Press any key to begin. Enter the column and row of a cell to make \nalive, separated by a space. ";
    cout << "enter 1 1 to fill grid with dead cells, enter \"-1\" to begin the \nsimulation. Then enter any number to continue or \"-1\" to move to next generation." << endl;
    cin.get();

    clear(now);
    print(now);

    do //Get initial state
    {
        cin >> x;
        if (x == -1) break; //User is done inputting
        cin >> y;
        now[y-1][x-1] = 1; //Sets cell to alive
        print(now); //Updates screen
    }while(x != -1);
    int genX=1;
    do //Keep updating new generations
    {
        cout<<"Generation: "<<genX<<endl;
        //myfile<<"Generation: "<<genX<<endl;
        genX++;
        clear(next);
        calculate(now, next);
        swap(now, next);
        print(now);
        cin>>cont;      
    }while(cont == -1);

    return 0;
} 

Answer 1

每次您打开一个文件时，它都会被截断，除非您打开是为了追加。

由于您想在每次运行时创建一个新文件但要继续追加到它，最干净的方法是将打开的文件传递给打印方法。另外，它不一定是文件，您可以打印到任何 std::ostream。
而且，作为额外的好处，打印到 cout 的所有重复项也消失了，您可以通过仅更改 main 中的一行来摆脱一个或另一个输出。

void print(ostream& stream, bool mat[][Row]) //Prints matrix to stream
{
     stream << setw(3) << " ";
     for (int p = 0; 5*p < Row; p++) 
         stream << setw(5) << 5*p+1;
     stream << endl;
     for (int m = 0; m < Col; m++)
     {
         stream << setw(3) << m+1;
         for (int n = 0; n < Row; n++)
         {
             if (mat[m][n]) 
                 stream << "\xDB";
             else 
                 stream << "-";
         }
         myfile << endl;
     }
}

下面是如何在 main 中使用它

ofstream myfile("GameOfLife.txt");
do 
{
    // ... as before ...
    print(cout, now);     // Print to stdout
    print(myfile, now);   // print to the file
    cin >> cont;      
} while (cont == -1);

为了让任何人弄清楚为什么您的最后一代都死了，您需要提供第一代样本。