c++ - 从文本文件读入数组结构

Question

我正在尝试将文本文件读入结构数组。我还没有想出将它输入到结构数组中的方法，但我的代码的问题是输出不断循环。我是 C++ 的新手，因为这是我参加的第一门编程类(class)。

这是我放入的以“制表符”分隔的记录的文本文件。

1   Clark Kent  012-1449326 221, Jalan Pudu, Kuala Lumpur   clark_kent@gmail.com
2   Bruce Wayne 013-9817470 65, Jalan Jejaka, Kuala Lumpur  bruce_wayne@hotmail.com
3   Peter Parker 017-6912495    26, Jalan Rajabot, Kuala Lumpur peterparker@zoho.net
4   Yeoman Prince   014-1374040 22, Jalan 1/109e, Kuala Lumpur  yeoman_prince@yahoo.com
5   Tony Stark  016-7473151 21, Jalan Pandan, Kuala Lumpur  tonystark@zoho.net
6   Selina Kyle 012-4040928 Wisma Cosway, Kuala Lumpur  selina_kyle@gmail.com
7   Steve Rogers    018-9285217 Desa Pandan, Kuala Lumpur   steverogers@hotmail.com
8   Alan Scott  019-5569400 2, Jalan U1/17, Shah Alam   alanscott@gmail.com
9   Britt Reid  011-7876738 43, Jalan SS2/23, Petaling Jaya brittreid@yahoo.com
10  Darcy Walker    011-4042788 Blok B, Setapak, Kuala Lumpur   darcywalker@gmail.com
11  Reed Richards   019-2299339 Menara U, Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur reedrichards@zoho.net
12  Barbara Gordon  017-2297980 The Boulevard, Kuala Lumpur barbaragordon@gmail.com
13  Don Diego Vega  012-4142987 10, Jalan Wangsa, Kuala Lumpur  donvega@zoho.net
14  Billy Batson    013-9200151 122, Jalan Jejaka, Kuala Lumpur billybatson@hotmail.com
15  Barry Allen 017-7928822 Wisma Laxton, Kuala Lumpur  barryallen@gmail.com
16  Stanley Beamish 014-9177437 203, Sunwaymas, Batu Caves  stanleybeamish@yahoo.com
17  Dick Grayson    017-4023800 Pekeliling Bus, Kuala Lumpur    dickgrayson@hotmail.com
18  James Howlett   012-7816910 Sri Hartamas, Kuala Lumpur  jameshowlett@zoho.net
19  Hal Jordan  013-3439897 302, Jalan Ampang, Kuala Lumpur haljordan@yahoo.com
20  Scott Summers   012-9057100 Menara Summit, Subang Jaya  scottsummers@zoho.net

这是我的结构:

struct Employee {
int staffId;
char fullName[30];
char phoneNum[15];
char address[40];
char email[30];
};

read的函数调用:

int main(void) {
int choice;
int value = 0;
Employee data;
menu();

cin >> choice;
do {
    if (choice == 1) {
        read();
    }
    else if (choice == 2) {
        add(value, &data);
    }
    else if (choice == 3) {
        list(value, &data);
    }
    else if (choice == 4) {
        search();
    }
    else if (choice == 5) {
        update();
    }
    else if (choice == 6) {
        deletes();
    }
    else if (choice == 7) {
        exit();
    }
    else {
        cout << "\n **Invalid choice option. Please enter from numbers 1 to 7 : ";
        cin >> choice;
    }

} while (choice != 1 || choice != 2 || choice != 3 || choice != 4 || choice != 5 || choice != 6 || choice != 7);

return 0;

这是我读取文件的代码:

void process(string* line) {
    cout << "line read: " << *line << endl;
}

void read()
{
    string line;
    ifstream in("list.txt");

    if (!in.is_open()) {
        cerr << "File can't be opened! " << endl;
    }
    while(getline(in,line)) {
        process(&line);
    }

    if (in.bad()) {
        cerr << "File can't be read! " << endl;
    }
    in.close();
    return;
}

这是我的输出:

line read: 1    Clark Kent      012-1449326     221, Jalan Pudu, Kuala Lumpur   clark_kent@gmail.com
line read: 2    Bruce Wayne     013-9817470     65, Jalan Jejaka, Kuala Lumpur  bruce_wayne@hotmail.com
line read: 3    Peter Parker    017-6912495     26, Jalan Rajabot, Kuala Lumpur peterparker@zoho.net
line read: 4    Yeoman Prince   014-1374040     22, Jalan 1/109e, Kuala Lumpur  yeoman_prince@yahoo.com
line read: 5    Tony Stark      016-7473151     21, Jalan Pandan, Kuala Lumpur  tonystark@zoho.net
line read: 6    Selina Kyle     012-4040928     Wisma Cosway, Kuala Lumpur      selina_kyle@gmail.com
line read: 7    Steve Rogers    018-9285217     Desa Pandan, Kuala Lumpur       steverogers@hotmail.com
line read: 8    Alan Scott      019-5569400     2, Jalan U1/17, Shah Alam       alanscott@gmail.com
line read: 9    Britt Reid      011-7876738     43, Jalan SS2/23, Petaling Jaya brittreid@yahoo.com
line read: 10   Darcy Walker    011-4042788     Blok B, Setapak, Kuala Lumpur   darcywalker@gmail.com
line read: 11   Reed Richards   019-2299339     Menara U, Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur reedrichards@zoho.net
line read: 12   Barbara Gordon  017-2297980     The Boulevard, Kuala Lumpur     barbaragordon@gmail.com
line read: 13   Don Diego Vega  012-4142987     10, Jalan Wangsa, Kuala Lumpur  donvega@zoho.net
line read: 14   Billy Batson    013-9200151     122, Jalan Jejaka, Kuala Lumpur billybatson@hotmail.com
line read: 15   Barry Allen     017-7928822     Wisma Laxton, Kuala Lumpur      barryallen@gmail.com
line read: 16   Stanley Beamish 014-9177437     203, Sunwaymas, Batu Caves      stanleybeamish@yahoo.com
line read: 17   Dick Grayson    017-4023800     Pekeliling Bus, Kuala Lumpur    dickgrayson@hotmail.com
line read: 18   James Howlett   012-7816910     Sri Hartamas, Kuala Lumpur      jameshowlett@zoho.net
line read: 19   Hal Jordan      013-3439897     302, Jalan Ampang, Kuala Lumpur haljordan@yahoo.com
line read: 20   Scott Summers   012-9057100     Menara Summit, Subang Jaya      scottsummers@zoho.net
line read: 1    Clark Kent      012-1449326     221, Jalan Pudu, Kuala Lumpur   clark_kent@gmail.com
line read: 2    Bruce Wayne     013-9817470     65, Jalan Jejaka, Kuala Lumpur  bruce_wayne@hotmail.com
line read: 3    Peter Parker    017-6912495     26, Jalan Rajabot, Kuala Lumpur peterparker@zoho.net
line read: 4    Yeoman Prince   014-1374040     22, Jalan 1/109e, Kuala Lumpur  yeoman_prince@yahoo.com
line read: 5    Tony Stark      016-7473151     21, Jalan Pandan, Kuala Lumpur  tonystark@zoho.net

有什么方法可以建议它停止循环？我尽量避免设置 20 这样的集合大小，因为在程序的另一部分，我应该添加更多员工记录。所以，我的问题是:

1. 如何阻止它无限循环？
2. 如何将读入的行输入到结构数组中？

提前谢谢你。

Answer 1

试试这个，逐行读取文件，然后根据分隔符\t解析每一行。

void readFile(const string& filename) {
    ifstream ifs(filename);

    string line;
    while (getline(ifs, line)) {
        istringstream iss(line);
        string token;

        Employee emp;

        while (getline(iss, token, '\t')) {
            // if you just want to print the information
            cout << token << '\t';
            // or you can store it in an Employee object
            // ...
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
}