c++ - C++中的奇怪指针

Question

什么会导致指针在 C++ 中看起来像这样？我正在为项目构建霍夫曼树，当这是当前节点的子节点之一时，我的程序出现段错误。这也不会被 childNode == NULL 检测到。

(TreeNode *) 0x3130303030313131

编辑，以下函数按以下顺序调用:buildTree() -> generateCodes()

void HuffTree::buildTree(MinHeap * heap) {
    while (heap->getSize() > 1) {
        TreeNode * n1 = heap->removeMin();
        TreeNode * n2 = heap->removeMin();

        TreeNode * p = new TreeNode(0, (n1 != NULL ? n1->getFrequency() : 0) + (n2 != NULL ? n2->getFrequency() : 0));
    p->join(n1, n2);

        heap->insert(p);
    }

    root = heap->removeMin();
}

void HuffTree::generateCodesRecursive(TreeNode * node, int right, string code) {
    if (node == NULL) return;

    if (node->isLeafNode()) {
        codes[node->getVal()] = code;
        cout << (unsigned int) node->getVal() << " " << (int) node->getFrequency() << " " << code << endl;
    }

    generateCodesRecursive(node->getLeft(), 0, code + "1");
    generateCodesRecursive(node->getRight(), 0, code + "0");
}

void HuffTree::generateCodes() {
    generateCodesRecursive(root, 0, "");
}

编辑，堆函数:

void MinHeap::insert(TreeNode * val) {
    nodes.push_back(val);   

    int index = nodes.size() -1 ;
    while (nodes[parent(index)]->getFrequency() > nodes[index]->getFrequency()){
        swapNodes(index, parent(index));    
        index = parent(index);
    }
}

TreeNode * MinHeap::removeMin() {
    if (nodes.size() == 0) return NULL;

    TreeNode* minNode = nodes[0];

    if (nodes.size() > 0){
        TreeNode* lastNode = nodes[nodes.size()-1];
        nodes.pop_back();
        nodes[0] = lastNode;
    }

    int index = 0;
    while((left(index) < nodes.size() && nodes[left(index)]->getFrequency() < nodes[index]->getFrequency()) ||
    (right(index) < nodes.size() && nodes[right(index)]->getFrequency() < nodes[index]->getFrequency())) {
        int swapIndex = right(index) >= nodes.size() ? left(index) : (nodes[left(index)]->getFrequency() <= nodes[right(index)]->getFrequency() ? left(index) : right(index));

        swapNodes(swapIndex, index);
        index = swapIndex;
    }

    return minNode;
}

Answer 1

要记住几件事。当您执行 TreeNode* p; 时，p 不会为 null 并将指向垃圾内存，if (p == NULL ) 或 if (p == nullptr) 条件，除非您在初始化期间明确将其设置为 null。

此外，您是否在其构造函数中正确初始化了 TreeNode 的内部数据成员？