c++ - Gtk 和 gstreamer 链接器错误

Question

我正在尝试编译简单的 gst player来自谷歌代码。我已经修复并安装了缺少的库，现在我收到链接器错误

vickey@tb:~/work/gst-player-0.0.0$ make
gcc -ggdb -Wall -W -Wformat-nonliteral -Wcast-align -Wpointer-arith -Wbad-function-cast -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -Winline -Wundef -Wnested-externs -Wcast-qual -Wshadow -Wwrite-strings -Wno-unused-parameter -Wfloat-equal -pedantic -ansi -std=c99 `pkg-config --cflags gtk+-2.0` `pkg-config --libs gtk+-2.0` `pkg-config --cflags gstreamer-0.10` `pkg-config --libs gstreamer-0.10` -lgstinterfaces-0.10 ui.c gst-backend.c -o gst-player
In file included from /usr/include/gtk-2.0/gtk/gtk.h:236:0,
                 from ui.c:19:
/usr/include/gtk-2.0/gtk/gtkitemfactory.h:47:1: warning: function declaration isn’t a prototype [-Wstrict-prototypes]
ui.c: In function ‘toggle_fullscreen’:
ui.c:60:9: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘gtk_window_unfullscreen’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
/usr/include/gtk-2.0/gtk/gtkwindow.h:340:10: note: expected ‘struct GtkWindow *’ but argument is of type ‘struct GtkWidget *’
ui.c:65:9: warning: passing argument 1 of ‘gtk_window_fullscreen’ from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
/usr/include/gtk-2.0/gtk/gtkwindow.h:339:10: note: expected ‘struct GtkWindow *’ but argument is of type ‘struct GtkWidget *’
gst-backend.c: In function ‘backend_query_position’:
gst-backend.c:164:5: warning: pointer targets in passing argument 3 of ‘gst_element_query_position’ differ in signedness [-Wpointer-sign]
/usr/include/gstreamer-0.10/gst/gstutils.h:1047:25: note: expected ‘gint64 *’ but argument is of type ‘guint64 *’
gst-backend.c: In function ‘backend_query_duration’:
gst-backend.c:177:5: warning: pointer targets in passing argument 3 of ‘gst_element_query_duration’ differ in signedness [-Wpointer-sign]
/usr/include/gstreamer-0.10/gst/gstutils.h:1049:25: note: expected ‘gint64 *’ but argument is of type ‘guint64 *’
/tmp/cckH1GSv.o: In function `toggle_paused':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:43: undefined reference to `gtk_button_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:43: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:43: undefined reference to `gtk_button_set_label'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:49: undefined reference to `gtk_button_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:49: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:49: undefined reference to `gtk_button_set_label'
/tmp/cckH1GSv.o: In function `toggle_fullscreen':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:60: undefined reference to `gtk_window_unfullscreen'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:65: undefined reference to `gtk_window_fullscreen'
/tmp/cckH1GSv.o: In function `destroy':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:96: undefined reference to `gtk_main_quit'
/    tmp/cckH1GSv.o: In function `key_press':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:127: undefined reference to `gtk_main_quit'
/tmp/cckH1GSv.o: In function `start':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:167: undefined reference to `gtk_window_new'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:169: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:169: undefined reference to `g_signal_connect_data'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:172: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:172: undefined reference to `g_signal_connect_data'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:175: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:175: undefined reference to `g_signal_connect_data'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:178: undefined reference to `gtk_container_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:178: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:178: undefined reference to `gtk_container_set_border_width'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:180: undefined reference to `gtk_vbox_new'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:182: undefined reference to `gtk_container_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:182: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:182: undefined reference to `gtk_container_add'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:184: undefined reference to `gtk_widget_show'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:186: undefined reference to `gtk_hbox_new'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:188: undefined reference to `gtk_box_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:188: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:188: undefined reference to `gtk_box_pack_end'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:190: undefined reference to `gtk_widget_show'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:193: undefined reference to `gtk_drawing_area_new'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:195: undefined reference to `gtk_box_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:195: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:195: undefined reference to `gtk_box_pack_start'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:197: undefined reference to `gtk_widget_set_size_request'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:199: undefined reference to `gtk_widget_show'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:203: undefined reference to `gtk_button_new_with_label'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:205: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:205: undefined reference to `g_signal_connect_data'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:208: undefined reference to `gtk_box_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:208: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:208: undefined reference to `gtk_box_pack_start'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:210: undefined reference to `gtk_widget_show'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:216: undefined reference to `gtk_button_new_with_label'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:218: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:218: undefined reference to `g_signal_connect_data'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:221: undefined reference to `gtk_box_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:221: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:221: undefined reference to `gtk_box_pack_start'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:223: undefined reference to `gtk_widget_show'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:228: undefined reference to `gtk_adjustment_new'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:229: undefined reference to `gtk_adjustment_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:229: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:229: undefined reference to `gtk_hscale_new'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:231: undefined reference to `gtk_box_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:231: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:231: undefined reference to `gtk_box_pack_end'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:233: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:233: undefined reference to `g_signal_connect_data'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:236: undefined reference to `gtk_widget_show'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:239: undefined reference to `gtk_widget_show'
/tmp/cckH1GSv.o: In function `init':
/    home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:245: undefined reference to `gdk_x11_drawable_get_xid'
/tmp/cckH1GSv.o: In function `timeout':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:275: undefined reference to `gtk_range_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:275: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:275: undefined reference to `gtk_range_set_value'
/tmp/cckH1GSv.o: In function `main':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:285: undefined reference to `gtk_init'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:293: undefined reference to `g_strdup'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:295: undefined reference to `g_strdup_printf'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:299: undefined reference to `g_idle_add'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:300: undefined reference to `g_timeout_add'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:302: undefined reference to `gtk_main'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/ui.c:304: undefined reference to `g_free'
/tmp/cc9cDvJS.o: In function `bus_cb':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:39: undefined reference to `g_log'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:47: undefined reference to `gst_message_parse_error'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:48: undefined reference to `g_free'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:50: undefined reference to `g_log'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:51: undefined reference to `g_error_free'
/tmp/cc9cDvJS.o: In function `backend_init':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:65: undefined reference to `gst_init'
/tmp/cc9cDvJS.o: In function `backend_play':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:79: undefined reference to `gst_pipeline_new'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:81: undefined reference to `gst_element_factory_make'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:82: undefined reference to `gst_element_factory_make'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:84: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:84: undefined reference to `g_object_set'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:86: undefined reference to `gst_bin_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:86: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:86: undefined reference to `gst_bin_add'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:90: undefined reference to `gst_pipeline_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:90: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:90: undefined reference to `gst_pipeline_get_bus'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:91: undefined reference to `gst_bus_add_watch'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:92: undefined reference to `gst_object_unref'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:95: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:95: undefined reference to `g_object_set'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:97: undefined reference to `gst_x_overlay_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:97: undefined reference to `gst_implements_interface_check'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:99: undefined reference to `gst_x_overlay_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:99: undefined reference to `gst_implements_interface_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:99: undefined reference to `gst_x_overlay_set_xwindow_id'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:102: undefined reference to `gst_element_set_state'
/tmp/cc9cDvJS.o: In function `backend_stop':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:110: undefined reference to `gst_element_set_state'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:111: undefined reference to `gst_object_get_type'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:111: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:111: undefined reference to `gst_object_unref'
/tmp/cc9cDvJS.o: In function `backend_pause':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:119: undefined reference to `gst_element_set_state'
/tmp/cc9cDvJS.o: In function `backend_resume':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:125: undefined reference to `gst_element_set_state'
/tmp/cc9cDvJS.o: In function `backend_reset':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:131: undefined reference to `gst_element_seek'
/tmp/cc9cDvJS.o: In function `backend_seek':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:141: undefined reference to `gst_element_seek'
/tmp/cc9cDvJS.o: In function `backend_seek_absolute':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:151: undefined reference to `gst_element_seek'
/tmp/cc9cDvJS.o: In function `backend_query_position':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:164: undefined reference to `gst_element_query_position'
/tmp/cc9cDvJS.o: In function `backend_query_duration':
/home/vickey/work/gst-player-0.0.0/gst-backend.c:177: undefined reference to `gst_element_query_duration'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [gst-player] Error 1

我想我可能遗漏了一些库导入，但我无法弄清楚。谢谢

Answer 1

这个问题很可能是因为链接器在看到编译中的库中的任何符号之前不会链接到库，因为源在编译时链接到库之后出现。由于链接器在遇到来自源的库中的符号之前不会链接到库，因此您需要在编译命令开始时移动源。目前源码链接中提供的Makefile构建如下:

 19 gst-player: ui.c gst-backend.c
 20     $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(GTK_CFLAGS) $(GTK_LIBS) $(GST_CFLAGS) $(GST_LIBS) $+ -o $@

将其更改为:

 19 gst-player: ui.c gst-backend.c
 20     $(CC) $+ $(CFLAGS) $(GTK_CFLAGS) $(GTK_LIBS) $(GST_CFLAGS) $(GST_LIBS) -o $@

(请注意，现在源代码就在 $(CC) 之后)。或者，您可以要求链接器链接库，而不考虑使用 -Wl, --no-as-needed 选项遇到库中的符号。在这种情况下，Makefile 更改可能如下所示:

 19 gst-player: ui.c gst-backend.c
 20     $(CC) -Wl,--no-as-needed $(CFLAGS) $(GTK_CFLAGS) $(GTK_LIBS) $(GST_CFLAGS) $(GST_LIBS) $+ -o $@  

希望这对您有所帮助!